Andinobates geminisae
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Andinobates geminisae |
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| Batista , Jaramillo , Ponce & Crawford , 2014 |
Andinobates geminisae belongs to the poison dart frogs , which are often referred to as poison dart frogs. The frog species lives in the tropical rainforests of Panama . It was first described in 2014.
features
Andinobates geminisae differs from the closely related group of species around the blue-bellied dwarf tree climber ( Andinobates minutus ) by its uniform orange color. There are no stripes on the back, and the belly is also a solid orange and not marbled in light blue as in Andinobates minutus . A reticulated drawing, as can be seen on the legs of most species of the related genus Ranitomeya , is missing. At 12 to 15 millimeters, the species is much smaller than other mostly monochrome species that occur in this area, such as the strawberry frog ( Oophaga pumilio ) or Oophaga vicentei . The skin is smooth. Although the coloration of most species of poison dart frogs is very variable, Andinobates geminisae can also be clearly distinguished from the frogs native to the same area by the calls of the males during courtship.
Genetic studies at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute showed a 6 to 8 percent difference between A. geminisiae and A. minutus in the genes of the mitochondrial DNA that code for cytochrome c oxidase , subunit 1 . This is considered sufficient for a differentiation of the species.
A special anatomical feature that is characteristic of all Andinobates species is two fused vertebrae.
distribution
The type specimen was discovered in the Donoso district west of the Panama Canal in the Panamanian province of Colón . The frogs' habitat are the tropical rainforests on the Caribbean coast of Panama. The area was previously considered to be the western extension of the range of Andinobates minutus . How big the distribution area of Andinobates geminisae really is has not yet been finally clarified.
Danger
As in the rest of the Caribbean, the pressure of economic conditions weighs on the flat stretches of coast of Panama. In particular, the loss of habitat due to urban sprawl and agricultural clearing endangers the already very narrow habitats of Andinobates geminisae , but also of other frogs such as Andinobates claudiae or Craugastor evanesco .
Systematics and taxonomy
The genus Andinobates was identified in 2011 by Twomey, Brown et al. set up. At that time it only included species that had been separated from the genus Ranitomeya . Andinobates geminisae is the second species that was discovered after the establishment of the genus Andinobates and was directly described in this genus. The holotype was deposited at the Universidad de Panamá . The specific epithet geminisae honors Geminis Vargas, the wife of Marcos Ponce , one of the discoverers of the new species. In the museum of the Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí in Panama, where Ponce works, a paratype of the species is also kept.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Abel Batista, César A. Jaramillo A., Marcos Ponce & Andrew J. Crawford: A new species of Andinobates (Amphibia: Anura: Dendrobatidae) from west central Panama. Zootaxa, 3866, 3, pages 333-352 pages 163-178, 2014 doi : 10.11646 / zootaxa.3866.3.2
- ↑ Jason L. Brown et al .: A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical frog genus Ranitomeya (Amphibia: Dendrobatidae). Zootaxa, 3083, pp. 1-120, 2011
literature
- Abel Batista, César A. Jaramillo A., Marcos Ponce & Andrew J. Crawford: A new species of Andinobates (Amphibia: Anura: Dendrobatidae) from west central Panama. Zootaxa, 3866, 3, pages 333–352 pages 163–178, 2014 doi : 10.11646 / zootaxa.3866.3.2 (first description)
Web links
- Andinobates geminisae at BOLD Systems, Taxbrowser, accessed on September 24, 2014 (with pictures)
- Andinobates geminisae: New Species of Poison Dart Frog Discovered in Panama , Sci-News.com of September 29, 2014, accessed September 30, 2014 (with picture)