Anomaloglossinae
Anomaloglossinae | ||||||||||||
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Rheobates palmatus from Colombia |
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Systematics | ||||||||||||
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Anomaloglossinae | ||||||||||||
Grant et al., 2006 |
The Anomaloglossinae are a subfamily of frogs from the family Aromobatidae . They include two genera and 30 species, the range of which is in the northwest and north of South America .
features
Diagnostic features are found particularly on the fingers and toes. A seam is formed on the pre-axial (inner) side of the second and third fingers and the first toe, and on the post-axial (outer) side of the fifth toe. On the postaxial side of the first toe, the webbing is more developed than on other members of the family. The adhesive disc on the second toe is moderately developed, stronger than that of closely related taxa. The metatarsal fold, a skin seam that runs from the outside of the fifth toe to the tarsus, is strongly developed. The belly of the males is irregularly spotted or weakly and diffusely spotted.
Geographical distribution
The Anomaloglossinae are found mainly east of the Andes in the western Amazon and the Orinoco catchment area in Venezuela , Guyana , Suriname , French Guiana and the northeast of Brazil . In many species, the distribution is limited to Tepuis . In the east the distribution area extends into the northwestern Mata Atlântica . In Colombia some representatives of Anomaloglossus occur on the Pacific slopes, as well as the representatives of Rheobates on both sides of the Andes.
Way of life
Anomaloglossinae are diurnal and terrestrial inhabitants of the tropical rainforest . The tadpoles grow in bodies of water on the ground or in Phytotelmata on bromeliads . With the exception of Anomaloglossus stepheni , adult males carry them on their backs.
Hazard and protection
The inventory data is poorly explored for many types of anomaloglossus . In the Red List of Threatened Species of IUCN most species are listed, with the risk levels of Least Concern (Least Concern) to Vulnerable (Endangered) rich. For example, insufficient data are available for Rheobates pseudopalmatus , Rheobates palmatus has the classification Least Concern (not endangered).
Systematics and taxonomy
The subfamily Anomaloglossinae and the genera summarized in it were newly established together with the family Aromobatidae . The Anomaloglossinae arise from a basal branch of the Aromobatidae, while the other two subfamilies Aromobatinae and Allobatinae are more closely related. There are 31 species in two genera:
species
Status: July 7, 2020
- Genus Anomaloglossus
Grant , Frost , Caldwell , Gagliardo , Haddad , Kok , Means , Noonan , Schargel & Wheeler , 2006 (32 species)
- Anomaloglossus apiau Fouquet , Souza , Nunes , Kok , Curcio , Carvalho , Grant & Rodrigues , 2015
- Anomaloglossus ayarzaguenai ( La Marca , 1997)
- Anomaloglossus baeobatrachus ( Boistel & Massary , 1999)
- Anomaloglossus beebei ( Noble , 1923)
- Anomaloglossus blanci Fouquet , Vacher , Courtois , Villette , Reizine , Gaucher , Jairam , Ouboter & Kok , 2018
- Anomaloglossus breweri ( Barrio-Amorós , 2006)
- Anomaloglossus degranvillei ( Lescure , 1975)
- Anomaloglossus dewynteri Fouquet , Vacher , Courtois , Villette , Reizine , Gaucher , Jairam , Ouboter & Kok , 2018
- Anomaloglossus guanayensis ( La Marca , 1997)
- Anomaloglossus kaiei ( Kok , Sambhu , Roopsind , Lenglet & Bourne , 2006)
- Anomaloglossus leopardus Ouboter & Jairam , 2012
- Anomaloglossus meansi Kok , Nicolaï , Lathrop & MacCulloch , 2018
- Anomaloglossus megacephalus Kok , MacCulloch , Lathrop , Willaert & Bossuyt , 2010
- Anomaloglossus mitaraka Fouquet , Vacher , Courtois , Deschamps , Ouboter , Jairam , Gaucher , Dubois & Kok , 2019
- Anomaloglossus moffetti Barrio-Amorós & Brewer-Carias , 2008
- Anomaloglossus murisipanensis ( La Marca , 1997)
- Anomaloglossus parimae ( La Marca , 1997)
- Anomaloglossus parkerae ( Meinhardt & Parmalee , 1996)
- Anomaloglossus praderioi ( La Marca , 1997)
- Anomaloglossus roraima ( La Marca , 1997)
- Anomaloglossus rufulus ( Gorzula , 1990)
- Anomaloglossus saramaka Fouquet , Jairam , Ouboter & Kok , 2020
- Anomaloglossus shrevei ( Rivero , 1961)
- Anomaloglossus stepheni ( Martins , 1989)
- Anomaloglossus surinamensis Ouboter & Jairam , 2012
- Anomaloglossus tamacuarensis ( Myers & Donnelly , 1997)
- Anomaloglossus tepequem Fouquet , Souza , Nunes , Kok , Curcio , Carvalho , Grant & Rodrigues , 2015
- Anomaloglossus tepuyensis ( La Marca , 1997)
- Anomaloglossus triunfo ( Barrio-Amorós , Fuentes-Ramos & Rivas-Fuenmayor , 2004)
- Anomaloglossus vacheri Fouquet , Jairam , Ouboter & Kok , 2020
- Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum Barrio-Amorós , Santos & Jovanovic , 2010
- Anomaloglossus wothuja ( Barrio-Amorós , Fuentes-Ramos & Rivas-Fuenmayor , 2004)
- Genus Rheobates Grant , Frost , Caldwell , Gagliardo , Haddad , Kok , Means , Noonan , Schargel & Wheeler , 2006 (2 species)
- Rheobates palmatus ( Werner , 1899)
- Rheobates pseudopalmatus ( Rivero & Serna , 2000)
Some species of the genus Anomaloglossus have been separated into the new genus Ectopoglossus in the subfamily Hyloxalinae , family poison dart frogs (Dendrobatidae):
- Ectopoglossus astralogaster ( Myers , Ibáñez , Grant & Jaramillo , 2012)
- Ectopoglossus atopoglossus ( Grant , Humphrey & Myers , 1997)
- Ectopoglossus confusus ( Myers & Grant , 2009)
- Ectopoglossus isthminus ( Myers , Ibáñez , Grant & Jaramillo , 2012)
- Ectopoglossus lacrimosus ( Myers , 1991)
gallery
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d T. Grant, DR Frost, JP Caldwell, R. Gagliardo, CFB Haddad, PJR Kok, DB Means, BP Noonan, WE Schargel & WC Wheeler (2006): Phylogenetic systematics of dart-poison frogs and their relatives (Amphibia: Athesphatanura: Dendrobatidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 299, 262 pp. PDF online
- ↑ a b Anomaloglossinae Grant, Frost, Caldwell, Gagliardo, Haddad, Kok, Means, Noonan, Schargel & Wheeler, 2006 . Darrel Frost and The American Museum of Natural History. 1998-2015. Retrieved August 23, 2015.
- ^ The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Retrieved August 23, 2015.
- ↑ a b Antoine Fouquet, J.-P. Vacher, EA Courtois, B. Villette, H. Reizine, P. Gaucher, Rawien Jairam, Paul Ouboter, Philippe JR Kok: On the brink of extinction: two new species of Anomaloglossus from French Guiana and amended definitions of Anomaloglossus degranvillei and A. surinamensis (Anura: Aromobatidae). Zootaxa, 4379, p. 1–23, 2018
- ↑ Philippe JR Kok, MPJ Nicolaï, A. Lathrop, & RD MacCulloch: Anomaloglossus meansi sp. n., a new Pantepui species of the Anomaloglossus beebei group (Anura, Aromobatidae). ZooKeys, 759, pp. 99-116, 2018.
- ^ A b Antoine Fouquet, Rawien Jairam, Paul Ouboter & Philippe JR Kok: Two new species of Anomaloglossus (Anura: Aromobatidae) of the stepheni group from Suriname. Zootaxa, 4820, pp. 147-164, 2020. doi : 10.11646 / zootaxa.4820.1.7
Web links
- Golden rocket frog ( Anomaloglossus beebei ) . ARKive - Images of Life on Earth.
- Anomaloglossus stepheni . Video, youtube.
- Rheobates palmatus . Video, youtube.
- Darrel R. Frost: Anomaloglossinae Grant, Frost, Caldwell, Gagliardo, Haddad, Kok, Means, Noonan, Schargel, and Wheeler, 2006 . In: Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference . Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History, New York 1998-2017, accessed November 19, 2018
- Amphibiaweb: List of species of the genus Anomaloglossus
- Amphibiaweb: List of species of the genus Rheobates
- Anomaloglossus in the IUCN 2018Red List of Threatened Species.
- Rheobates in the IUCN Red List of Endangered Species2018.