Anti-lebanon
| Anti-lebanon | ||
|---|---|---|
 Satellite map, clearly recognizable the snow-capped mountains of the Lebanon Mountains (left) and Anti-Lebanon (right). In between lies the Bekaa plain . The Hermon is at the bottom center . |
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| Highest peak | Hermon ( Jabal asch-Schaich ) ( 2814 m ) | |
| location | Lebanon , Syria | |
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| Coordinates | 33 ° 55 ' N , 36 ° 14' E | |
| rock | limestone | |
| Age of the rock | Chalk and Jurassic | |
The Anti-Lebanon ( in Arabic سلسلة جبال لبنان الشرقية, DMG Silsilat Ǧibāl Lubnān aš-šarqiyya 'Eastern Lebanon Mountain Range', Hebrew מול הלבנון Mol HaLewanon ) is a mountain range that extends between the states of Lebanon and Syria over 150 km from northeast to southwest and runs parallel to the Mediterranean coast .
Surname
The name derives from the Greek Anti-Libanus off over the Lebanon area . The word Lebanon goes back to the Semitic root lbn (“white”), which is related to the light limestone or the snow.
Location and limitation
The anti-Lebanon forms the border between Lebanon and Syria for long stretches, the greater part is in Syria. In the west of Anti-Lebanon lies the Bekaa Plain , which separates Anti-Lebanon from the Lebanon Mountains. To the east is the Helbun Valley with the city of Damascus and to the north of it the Qalamun Mountains.
In the north, the mountains begin near the Syrian city of Homs . The highest mountain in the northern section is the 2668 m high Talʿat Musa ( Lage ). The mountain range descends in its middle to the Zabadani saddle ( location ) (named after the Syrian tourist town Al-Zabadani ) to below 1300 m and enables the traffic connection between Beirut and Damascus.
The Hermon ( 2814 m ) connects to the south , which is the highest elevation in Anti-Lebanon. At the southern foothills of the Hermon, Anti-Lebanon ends at the transition to the Golan Heights , which are of volcanic origin.
The Golan Heights and the southern area of the Hermon were annexed by Israel in 1981 and are considered part of the Northern District by Israel . International recognition is pending. Thus, according to the Israeli interpretation, the highest point of the State of Israel is at an altitude of 2224 m around 11.5 km south-southwest of the Hermong summit.
Because of the wide depression around the Zabadani saddle, the Hermon is sometimes described as an independent mountain stick and not counted as anti-Lebanon.
geology
Anti-Lebanon is an anticline . The predominant rocks are limestone from chalk and jurassic .
vegetation
In Anti-Lebanon, amygdalus and pistachio bushes thrive, on the west side small-scale deciduous forests, and isolated dry needle forests with Cilician firs ( Abies cilicica ), Lebanon cedars ( Cedrus libani ) and Greek junipers ( Juniperus excelsa ). Subalpine and alpine plant communities occur over 2500 m . The grazing by sheep and goats, has led to an increased erosion of the remaining forests and to a substantial deterioration of soil and vegetation. The karst phenomena , the steep slopes and the drought mean that Anti-Lebanon is only sparsely populated. The predominant form of economy is extensive nomadic grazing.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c C. D. Walley: The Geology of Lebanon, a summary. American University of Beirut, accessed July 8, 2014 .
- ^ Israel at 65: A statistical glimpse. Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, April 1, 2013, accessed July 8, 2014 .
- ^ A b Anti-Lebanon Mountains. britannica.com, accessed July 8, 2014 .
- ↑ Lebanon. (PDF) ramsar.wetlands.org, archived from the original on July 14, 2014 ; accessed on July 8, 2014 . to Important Bird Areas in the Middle East . In: MI Evans (Ed.): BirdLife Conservation Series . No. 2 . BirdLife International, Cambridge, UK 1994, p. 410 ff .