Antonia Kwiatkowska
Antonia Kwiatkowska Bakúnina ( Russian: Антонина Ксаверьевна Квятковская , Antonina Ksavérievna Kviatkóvskaya), also Antonia Ksavaheneva or Tosha Kwiatkowska, (* around 1840 ; † 1887 ) was the wife of the Revolutionary Secretary of the Russian Alexandr Michopwitschel Michopwitschel and Michopwitschel in Naples .
Life
Antonia Kwiatkowska was born to the impoverished Polish nobleman Ksaveri Vasilevich Kwiatkowski and a Polish mother. The family lived in Tomsk , where the father worked as a secretary to a nobleman who was involved in gold mining in Siberia . Kwiatkowska met Bakunin in 1858 after being exiled after eight years in prison . The relationship between the Kwiatkowski family and Bakunin began when he was hired to teach French to Antonia and her older sister Sofia. They married that same year. Bakunin was married by his relative Muravyov-Amursky and then transferred to Irkutsk at his request .
In mid-1861, Bakunin fled to Nikolaevsk during a research trip . From there he boarded a clipper flying the American flag on August 9, 1861 , which brought him to Hakodate on the Japanese coast . His escape ultimately led him to London . After Bakunin's flight from Siberia, Antonia Kwiatkowska followed her husband through central Russia to London in November . She received a foreign passport and traveled on from Pryamukhina to London in early 1863.
Bakunin was in contact with many Polish exiles and also campaigned for Poland's independence. When the January uprising broke out in Poland in 1863 , Bakunin went to Stockholm with his family and wrote a few articles about Russia for Aftonbladet . In 1864 he and his wife went to Italy . At first they lived in Florence from 1864 to 1865 , then from 1865 to 1868 in Naples. In Naples, Antonia Kwiatkowska met the Italian lawyer and anarchist Carlo Gambuzzi, a supporter and colleague of her husband Bakunin. In 1867 she became friends with Gambuzzi and lived with him quite openly after giving birth to three children of his (Carluccio, Sofia and Maruschka). It is believed that Bakunin was very tolerant of this situation. He always gave his wife complete freedom and took care of her and her children.
Antonia Kwiatkowska was also of great support to her seriously ill husband, who was the victim of the physical consequences that had left their mark during his long imprisonment. On many occasions she worked on the translation of documents written by her husband. Bakunin described his wife as a Slavic patriot and a non-fanatical Catholic whom he loved passionately. When Bakunin's health deteriorated, the family went to Bern in 1876 , where Bakunin died under the care of doctor Carl Vogt, a long-time friend.
After Bakunin's death, Antonina Kwiatkowska moved to Naples with her children and married Carlo Gambuzzi (1837–1902). Another child emerged from this marriage, a daughter named Tatyana (Tanya Gambuzzi Kossowska; † 1955). Kwiatkowska was buried in the Central Cemetery in Naples in the Bakunin-Gambuzzi Chapel.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Michael Bakunin: Difference is life, harmony is death: Letter 1872 . BoD - Books on Demand, 2020, ISBN 978-3-7504-7004-0 ( google.de [accessed April 5, 2020]).
- ↑ Naples Life, Death & Miracle. Retrieved April 5, 2020 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Kwiatkowska, Antonia |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Kwiatkowska Bakúnina, Antonia (full name); Квятковская, Антонина Ксаверьевна (Russian); Kviatkóvskaya, Antonina Ksavérievna; Ksavaeva, Antonia; Kwiatkowska, Tosha |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Wife of the Russian philosopher and revolutionary Mikhail Alexandrovich Bakunin |
| DATE OF BIRTH | around 1840 |
| DATE OF DEATH | 19th century or 20th century |