Architectural rendering

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The architectural rendering or architectural illustration and architectural visualization is in today's planning and marketing process of architecture , locations and real estate marketing is not indispensable and includes detailed 3D visualization via a software-based photo-realistic simulation of geometry , material properties and exposures within a scene. In practice, architectural rendering can be used to create interior and exterior views of buildings, bird's-eye views of objects, animations and even 360 ° panoramas that realistically illustrate a project where floor plans and views appear too abstract and incomprehensible.

Forms of representation

Like professional architectural photography, the photo-realistic visualization captures the atmosphere of the building through the interplay of light and shadow and is based on physically correct parameters, true-to-scale models and detailed transfer of plan data. Today, architecture rendering offers, in addition to the detailed depiction of buildings, the technical basis of animation and 360 ° panoramas. The type of representation can range from abstract, stylized to photo-realistic.

animation

Complex infrastructure projects or traffic or project processes that are difficult to communicate can be discussed in a targeted and easily understandable manner with the help of architectural animations. The cinematic implementation as architectural animation also plays an important role in the exclusive presentation of architectural projects. The short films that specifically convey the advantages of a project are widely used here - emotions, space and light can be experienced.

Virtual tours

Realistic 360 ° panoramas are mainly used for online marketing and multimedia exposés, as they enable an interactive inspection before completion. The virtual model apartment offers an internet-based 360 ° VR tour of the apartment. Linked with each other via hotspots, a virtual online tour is created from several 360 ° panoramas. To create a VR tour, a high-resolution spherical rendering is created from each point of view. These 360 ​​° panoramas are then linked to one another. There are also a number of online applications which, however, cannot qualitatively correspond to processing using a professional image synthesis program.

Tools

The starting point for true-to-scale visualizations are CAD data, floor plans and / or sections of facades, which are modeled using special 3D graphics software such as the Revit program and then processed by a specialized architecture illustrator . High quality 3D visualizations are created on the basis of sketches, plans or existing 3D models. These can be indoor or outdoor perspectives, photo montages or animations, day or night perspectives. The calculation of the light and the light sources and material properties, which have a direct effect on objects and their material properties, and the calculation of the light distribution within a scene, which is expressed by the indirect lighting between bodies, are of particular importance. Software products from the industry leader Autodesk , which can be accessed via integrated material and object databases and a. Common exposure methods such as ray tracing and radiosity enable a detailed and realistic integration of existing material studies, photos or the position of light and sun.

Areas of application

Where floor plans and views seem too abstract and incomprehensible, 3D visualizations create a realistic picture. The areas of application of rendering in architectural visualizations extend to different project types and applications. The use of visualizations includes a. As a simulation instrument for planned structural and civil engineering works and offers cost-effective quality assurance methods to identify problems at an early stage and to record the scales and effects of a planned project. Last but not least, it is used by the planners, specialist departments and authorities involved for communication and control. In addition, the visualizations enable the public to orientate themselves about public construction projects. These forms of representation are used in the sale or rental or renovation or conversion of a property or for architecture competitions. The areas of application for architectural rendering are in the following areas:

With 3D visualization, optically correct images are generated from the existing 3D data for a particular viewing direction and lighting (see image synthesis ). Such images or a complete sequence (i.e. a video) are used in all communication channels - in the synopsis , in the Internet presence, in press releases, in outdoor advertising such as on the construction sign. Architectural visualizations are also very useful for building applications or in dialogue with building authorities, thanks to the true-to-detail and true-to-scale implementation in 3D.

effort

Since each project is unique in terms of the scope, number and type of 3D visualizations to be created, the complexity of the architecture and the quality of the material provided, the time required ranges from just a few days to several weeks. For medium-sized construction projects, experience has shown that the modeling takes up to 3 days, while the actual rendering, including the time that the rendering takes to convert the material data to high resolution, depending on the size of an image, up to three days. In the area of ​​interior visualizations, the times are often significantly lower, with an average of 3 days.

See also

Industry associations

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Marcus Woeller: Architecture Simulations: This is how programmers influence our house aesthetics . January 4, 2016 ( welt.de [accessed October 28, 2019]).
  2. ↑ Andrea Roedig: "Hey, I'm in rendering!" | NZZ . November 3, 2015, ISSN  0376-6829 ( nzz.ch [accessed October 28, 2019]).