Ariarathes V. Eusebes Philopator

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Ariarathes V

Ariarathes V. Eusebes Philopator ruled about 163 to 130 BC. As king of Cappadocia . He was characterized by "excellent character traits", cultivated philosophy and the humanities and is therefore described by some as one of the greatest kings of Cappadocia.

Origin and youth

Ariarathes V was the son of Ariarathes IV of Cappadocia, who was half Greco-Macedonian, half Persian descent, and Antiochis , a daughter of the Seleucid king Antiochus III. from the Greco-Macedonian Seleucid dynasty. Contrary to the assumption of Titus Livius , he probably studied in Athens, where he made friends with the later Pergamene king Attalus II Philadelphos.

Domination

As a result of Rome's rejection of the marriage to Laodike , a sister of Demetrios I (Soter) , this Ariarathes V declared war and promoted the usurper Orophernes , his brother, as heir to the throne. Ariarathes was stripped of his throne and fled around 158 BC. To Rome. The Romans reinstated him, but allowed Orophernes to continue his rule together with his brother, as Appian and Polybios report. This condominium did not last long, as Ariarathes was named again as the sole ruler a short time later.

In 154 BC BC Ariarathes supported the king of Pergamum , Attalus II , in his war against Prusias II and sent his son Demetrios as leader of the armed forces. In 130 BC He fell in the war of Rome against Aristonikos of Pergamon. In return for the support Ariarathes had given the Romans, Rome left Lycaonia and Cilicia as their rulership.

Marriage and offspring

With his wife Nysa, a daughter of King Pharnakes I , he had six sons, all but one of whom were killed by his wife, who in turn wanted to gain control of the kingdom. After they had been killed by the people because of their cruelty, Ariarathes' last remaining son was named Ariarathes VI. Heir to the throne.

Act

Despite his friendship with Rome, Ariarathes was an important Philhellene and was honored with the citizenship of Athens. The two Cappadocian cities of Caesarea Mazaca and Tyana were given the Greek name Eusebeia by him. He was generous with donations to Athens and its institutions. Together with Attalus II he donated a statue in honor of his teacher Karneades . An inscription from an actors' association commemorates the sponsorship by him and his wife. His correspondence with Karneades is known from the testimony of Diogenes Laertios .

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literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ This article is largely based on a translation from the English language Wikipedia (2012). He incorporated: Smith, William, (1867). Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. engl. Wikipedia German individual references have been adjusted as far as possible
  2. ^ Edward T. Newell : Royal Greek portrait coins . Whitman Pub. Co, 1968, p. 52, OCLC 697579 : "... Ariarathes V was probably the greatest of the Cappadocian kings."
  3. ↑ Possibly only an adopted son: cf. Wilhelm Geiger, Ernst Wilhelm Adalbert Kuhn, Christian Bartholomae: Outline of Iranian Philology. Volume 2. Trübner, Strasbourg 1896–1904, pp. 491, 492, there with further references.
  4. ^ Mary Boyce , Frantz Grenet: A History of Zoroastrianism: Zoroastrianism Under Macedonian and Roman Rule. 1991, pp. 267-268, ISBN 90-04-09271-4 .
  5. ^ German Hafner : Bildlexikon antique persons. Zurich 1993, p. 54.
  6. ↑ Joachim Hopp: Investigations on the history of the last Attalids. Beck, Munich 1977, p. 60 with reference to Polybios ( googlebooks ).
  7. ^ Hatto H. Schmitt , Ernst Vogt : Small Lexicon of Hellenism. P. 330 ( googlebooks ).
  8. ↑ Michael Henke: Cappadocia in Hellenistic times. P. 74 (Master's thesis) ( googlebooks ).
  9. ^ Hermann Bengtson : Greek history. Beck, Munich 1965, p. 492.
  10. ^ German Hafner: Bildlexikon antique persons. Zurich 1993, p. 54.
personal data
SURNAME Ariarathes V. Eusebes Philopator
BRIEF DESCRIPTION King of Cappadocia
DATE OF BIRTH 2nd century BC Chr.
DATE OF DEATH 2nd century BC Chr.