Poor doctor

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The poor doctor , formerly also ptochiater (to gr. Ptōchós "beggar") or medicus pauperum , was a doctor who in the 19th century cared for the poor sick free of charge and was paid for it from the community treasury.

The Ptochiater also worked in the Ptochodochium , the poor hostel or poor house , or in the Ptochotropheum , the catering house for the poor.

Germany

At the beginning of the 20th century, the use of poor relief - visiting the poor doctor - was often the only way to get medical care for the socially disadvantaged . The poor doctors usually worked as general practitioners in private practice with a license as poor doctor. Supervision and complaints for this poor doctor activity were subject to the poor administration. Visits to the doctor for the poor were strictly regulated; there was no free choice of doctor .

Austria

With the 2nd imperial privilege of Emperor Maximilian I of 1517, the medical faculty of Vienna was obliged, among other things, to have one of its licensed physicians on duty in the hospital free of charge every week in order to help the “poor lewtten” as a doctor for the poor.

With the court chancellery decree of July 4, 1840, the employment of four city medical doctors (one for each district, only two were paid, the other two had to do their service free of charge) was ordered in Vienna. Each of the doctors for the poor had to live in the district assigned to him, but a lodging allowance was drawn for this.

At the end of the 19th century, doctors for the poor in Vienna were using the term “municipal doctors for treating the poor and examining the dead ”. In 1902 the tasks of the health system were transferred to the new municipal department X (health police, corpse and cemetery management, administration of medical stations and infirmaries). The main focus was on the containment of tuberculosis (including consumption , Viennese disease, since living conditions were very poor, especially in the working-class districts of Vienna) and venereal diseases.

Despite the achievements of modern medicine and the development of the welfare state with social security and social assistance, there is still a need for low-threshold offers for the uninsured and the needy. Free medical treatment for uninsured persons in Austria offers among other things:

Famous doctors who worked as doctors for the poor

See also

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Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Georg Friedrich Most: Detailed encyclopedia of the entire state medical science . Ed .: Georg Friedrich Most. tape 1 . FA Brockhaus, Leipzig 1838, p. 119 .
  2. ↑ Gesundheit Berlin-Brandenburg (Ed.): Documentation 20th Congress Armut und Gesundheit, Berlin 2015. Accessed on December 2, 2018 (German).
  3. ↑ Elizabeth Tuisl: The Medical Faculty of the University of Vienna in the Middle Ages: from the University in 1365 to the death of Emperor Maximilian I. 1519 . V&R unipress, Göttingen 2014, ISBN 978-3-8471-0330-1 , p. 140 .
  4. ^ Health Service of the City of Vienna - History. In: www.geschichtewiki.wien.gv.at. City of Vienna: Vienna City and State Archives (MA 8) and Vienna Library in the City Hall (MA 9), accessed on March 27, 2019 .
  5. ↑ Joseph Johann Knolz: Collection of the sanitary ordinances for the Archduchy of Austria under the Enns from the year 1839 . Ed .: Joseph Johann Knolz. Klaufuss Witwe, Prandel & C., Vienna 1843, p. 318 .
  6. ^ Tuberculosis (of the lungs), consumption, "Viennese disease". In: www.geschichtewiki.wien.gv.at. City of Vienna: Vienna City and State Archives (MA 8) and Vienna Library in the City Hall (MA 9), accessed on March 27, 2019 .
  7. ^ Health Service of the City of Vienna - History from the 18th Century to the First World War. In: www.geschichtewiki.wien.gv.at. City of Vienna: Vienna City and State Archives (MA 8) and Vienna Library in the City Hall (MA 9), accessed on March 27, 2019 .
  8. ↑ Marienambulanz Graz. Retrieved March 27, 2019 .
  9. ↑ Outpatient medical care, social counseling and medication assistance for people without insurance cover. Retrieved March 28, 2019 .
  10. ↑ Louisebus - Medizinbus Vienna. Retrieved March 28, 2019 .
  11. ^ Hospital of the Barmherzigen Brüder Vienna. Retrieved March 28, 2019 .
  12. ^ Neunerhaus Vienna Medical Aid. Retrieved March 28, 2019 .
  13. ^ Psychosocial services in Vienna. Retrieved March 28, 2019 .
  14. ↑ Brigitte Hamann: Hitler's noble Jew: The life of the poor doctor Eduard Bloch . 2nd Edition. Piper, 2008, ISBN 978-3-492-05164-4 .