Lordship of Bosweiler and Quirnheim

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Rulership coat of arms on the church of St. Oswald, Boßweiler

The rulership of Quirnheim and Bosweiler was a leiningen-westerburg fiefdom , which in 1671 was awarded to the Kurmainzer council, leiningen and Speyer chancellor Quirinus Merz and after expansion by other secular and ecclesiastical fiefdoms was administered by his descendants until the French Revolution . The feudal area was in the Rhine Palatinate and was inhabited by almost 600 people.

Duration

The area was in mixed ownership of the Counts of Leiningen, the church and the Electoral Palatinate .

The rulership initially consisted of the eponymous villages Boßweiler and Quirnheim , the mills (Bruchmühle and Papiermühle) and the area as far as Quirnheim Valley with the Neuhäuschen and Göbelshaus estates, plus the Koldersche Hofgut in Neuleiningen and the Lungenfeld estates in Grünstadt granted.

Quirnheim itself also included the four manors Quirnheimerhof , Hertlingshäuserhof , Hofgut Bosweiler and the former Alte Lungenfelderhof in Neuleiningen.

Linked to the rule was the man fief of the house of Leiningen for the actual villages Quirnheim and Bosweiler with some inherited farms as after fiefs as well as the great and small tithe , the lower jurisdiction and the position as ecclesiastical dominus of Bosweiler of the local Catholic church. Shortly after 1800, Quirnheim itself had 378 Catholics, 152 Protestants, 17 Jews and 35 Mennonites , a total of 582 inhabitants.

history

Church in Quirnheim from the 8th century

The place Boßweiler was mentioned as early as 767 in a document of the Fulda monastery and in the same year (or, depending on the source, only in 770) in the Lorsch Codex , the church of St. Maria and St. Martin in Quirnheim was mentioned later in a document in May 771 ; this makes it the oldest church in the Bad Dürkheim district . From 780 "Buxlare" is owned by the Lorsch monastery , other church owners of the communities were the monastery Höningen , the monastery Rosenthal (Palatinate) , the monastery Hertlingshausen and the latter the monastery Stephansfeld around 1450. The counts of Leiningen-Westerburg received the 1467 Rule over Quirnheim. Boßweiler was in mixed ownership in the middle of the 17th century, together with the Electoral Palatinate and the Catholic Church.

Quirnheimer Gutshof with manor house (right), in the background you can see the steeple of the old chapel of St. Maria and St. Martin
St. Oswald in Boßweiler side chapel from the 15th century, 1707 by Johann v. Merz expanded into a parish church

Quirinus von Merz already owned the former Hertlingshäuser Klosterhof (later Merzsche's Castle) in 1663, as a pledge for his services as comitial envoy to the Perpetual Reichstag and chancellor of the Leininger. The later Electorate Chancellor of Mainz became a good friend and advisor to Count Ludwig Eberhard von Leiningen-Westerburg . The Catholic canon lawyer succeeded in convincing the evangelical count to convert and return to his wedded wife. In 1671, the year of the conversion of the Counts of Leiningen-Westerburg-Rixingen, Quirinus Merz got the Lungenfeld estate and Koldersche property from church property. In 1672 he received rule over the entire district of Quirnheim and Boßweiler (at that time still Bosweiler), which was finally enshrined in a feudal contract in 1673.

Since 1673 also Chancellor of the Electorate of Mainz, Quirinus von Merz was made baron in 1675. In the later years the son Johann Wilhelm von Merz left the property in Neuleiningen to his friend, the heavily indebted Count Philipp Ludwig , son of Ludwig Eberhard. In 1699, Johann Wilhelm von Merz donated the property for the Capuchin monastery planned by the Count in Grünstadt , the building of which today serves as a nurses' house and Catholic parish church. In the same year, the rule was probably also given to baroness and the planning to expand the parish church in Boßweiler began, which was completed in 1707.

Allod ownership existed in Mainz, Worms and goods in Schierholtz in Braunschweig. In 1683 the rule was extended to include large areas on the Halligen island Nordstrand through the inheritance of Johann Daniel von Freins-Nordstrand , the property is said to have existed as late as 1792.

The rule of Bosweiler and Quirnheim became extinct with the Treaty of Lunéville (1801) and the death of Baron Karl Josef Merz († 1802). The French administration was led by the Département du Mont-Tonnerre with the seat of government in Mainz until 1814. In 1816 the towns and the whole of the Palatinate fell to the Kingdom of Bavaria .

List of gentlemen from Bosweiler

Persons who held the rule and who had the title Herr auf Bosweiler (and Quirnheim) :

  1. Quirinus von Merz († 1695), handed over the rule to his son in 1677/78 and then carried the title lord in Schierholtz , confirmed nobility in 1678
  2. Johann Wilhelm Merz von Quirnheim (1652–1718), builder of the Catholic Church in Boßweiler, founder in Grünstadt and Worms
  3. Karl Joseph Alois Merz von Quirnheim († 1748), Defendent at the University of Heidelberg
  4. Karl Joseph Heinrich Merz von Quirnheim (1747–1802), was expropriated and died during the French occupation

Karl Albert Merz von Quirnheim (1774–1857) raised claims to rule or fiefdom, but this was not recognized by the Kingdom of Bavaria

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Michael Frey : Attempt of a geographical-historical-statistical description of the court district of Frankenthal in the royal. Bayer. Rhine districts , Neidhard, 1836, page 381
  2. ↑ Hierothée de Coblence: Provincia Rhenana Fratrum Minorum Capucinorum, a fundationis suae primordiis usque ad annum 1750 in quinque libris ... per F. Hierotheum Confluentinum , Joannis Jacobi Haener, 1750, page 523 - Google Books
  3. ↑ Michael Frey : Attempt of a geographical-historical-statistical description of the court district of Frankenthal in the royal. Bayer. Rheinkkreis , Neidhard, 1836, pp. 381–383
  4. ^ Christian Gottfried Oertel: Complete and reliable directory of the emperors, electors and estates of the HR Reich , Verlag Johann Montag, 1760, p. 155 - Google Books
  5. ↑ Werner Bornheim: Die Kunstdenkmäler von Rheinland-Pfalz, Volume 8 , Deutscher Kunstverlag 1982, p. 457 - Google Books (snippet view)
  6. ↑ Fiefs of the Lungenfeld estates in Grünstadt and Kolders' estates in Neuleiningen , according to the 2054 user file in the Speyer State Archives
  7. ↑ Friedrich Bilardone: Beamtenverzeichniß and statistics of the royal Bavarian governmental district of the Palatinate , Kranzbühler, Speyer 1870, pp 227 - Google Books
  8. ↑ Georg Hille: Article: “An old Schleswig house and the Mecklenburg and Freins families”, Eduard Avenarius, 1908, pages 303-304 , - digital inventory of the University of Hamburg
  9. ^ Ernst Heinrich Kneschke : New general German Adelslexikon , Volume 7 (Ossa – Ryssel) , Leipzig 1867, p. 302 - Google Books
  10. ^ Karl Joseph Alois Merz: Trina mentis cogitatio, erotematibus log. in thesi resolutiv comprehensa , Hornung, Heidelberg 1731 - Bayerische Staatsbibliothek Digital
  11. ↑ Authority data (person): GND : 123569664 | VIAF : 27982543
  12. ↑ Gustav Toepke, Paul Hintzelmann: The matriculation at the University of Heidelberg (Part 4): From 1704-1807 , Carl Winter, page 72 - Heidelberger hist stocks digital.
  13. ↑ Bosweiler and Quirnheim (Pfalz), former Mannslehen , 1818–1831, Bavarian Main State Archives