Hertlingshausen Monastery
| Hertlingshausen Monastery | |
|---|---|
 Memorial to the memory of the Hertlingshausen monastery (at the Hertlingshausen cemetery entrance) |
|
| Data | |
| place | Carlsberg (Palatinate) |
| Client | possibly Counts of Leiningen |
| Construction year | around 1160 |
| demolition | 19th century |
Hertlingshausen Monastery was an Augustinian choir monastery, which was closed in 1521 and which was located in today's Rhineland-Palatinate municipality of Carlsberg , Hertlingshausen district , in the Bad Dürkheim district , and is the nucleus of this place. There are no more remains of it.
history
The women's convent was founded around 1160 as a branch of the neighboring, older Augustinian canon of Höningen Abbey . Patrons , possibly also donors, were the Counts of Leiningen , in whose territory the monastery was located and who had also donated Höningen. You owned u. a. a crypt in the Hertlingshauser church. The first documentary mention was made in 1212, in a document from Bishop Luitpold von Worms , in which he allowed the abbot of the St. Martin monastery in Glandern (also called Lungenfeld) to use the slopes of the churches in Grünstadt and Mertesheim for the benefit of his monastery use. A “Rustein” , head ( provost ) of the Hertlingshausen monastery , appears as a witness to this document .
The monastery and church were dedicated to St. Mary . It was located in the area of what is now Klosterhofstrasse, near the village's current cemetery.
Only a few facts about the history of the monastery have survived.
In 1240 the Limburg abbot Ulrich granted the Hertlingshausen monastery women to stock up on timber and firewood in his forest and to drive the monastery cattle to their pastures. In return, they committed themselves to the annual delivery of eight lambs and 15 “wonderful” cheeses to the Limburg Abbey ; one of the earliest documentary evidence of cheese production in the Palatinate . Around this time, a cloister was built in Hertlingshausen , whereby the wood justice that was achieved promoted the construction. At that time a Bechtold was provost of the monastery. He was responsible for the divine service for the sisters and the external, mainly financial administration, while the Master took care of the internal affairs of the religious community. Only one master from Hertlingshausen is known by name, Sophia Countess von Leiningen, who sold monastery property in Herxheim am Berg in 1404 . On December 4, 1434, Pope Eugene IV granted an indulgence in Florence for believers who devoutly visited the Hertlingshausen monastery church on certain holidays and donated alms for its renovation. In 1459 the monastery pledged its farm in Quirnheim to the Burgmann Menges von Stauf . It was later converted into the castle of Messrs. Merz von Quirnheim , which still exists (2013). The patronage of the immediately adjacent village church St. Maria and St. Martin also belonged to the Hertlingshausen monastery.
In the middle of the 15th century, Landgrave Hesso von Leiningen tried to reform the spiritually and financially dilapidated convent by connecting it to the Stephansfeld monastery (now a district of Brumath in Alsace ), which belonged to the Augustinian Order of the Holy Spirit . After that, a small community of this order also seems to have resided in Hertlingshausen, possibly to supervise the nunnery. It is documented that the unmarried Count Bernhard von Leiningen (son of Count Emich VII. And his wife Beatrix von Baden), a cousin of the Blessed Margrave Bernhard von Baden , joined the "Brotherhood of the Holy Spirit Order of Hertlingshausen bei Altleiningen" in 1475 connected. He died around 1495.
In 1460 Hardenburg footmen burned down Hertlingshausen. They fought against the Leininger who had shown solidarity with Elector Friedrich I of the Palatinate , who fought for his recognition as Elector of the Palatinate . This was followed by further armed conflicts over the succession in the Leiningen house, in which the monastery also suffered significant damage and was almost completely destroyed. In 1479, Count Reinhard IV of Leiningen-Westerburg (1453–1522) gave the Stephansfeld master Jakob Reck Kloster Hertlingshausen, with all rights and possessions, and instructed him to reorganize the convent and to revive the worship service there. In the Landshut War of Succession , the monastery was plundered and destroyed again in 1504 by Count Palatine Alexander von Pfalz-Zweibrücken . It did not recover from this. Count Reinhard IV von Leiningen-Westerburg applied for its repeal in Rome, which Pope Leo X approved in 1521. On the papal instruction, the count set up a parish in Hertlingshausen instead, from which it can be seen that the associated village already existed at that time, although it only had 5 households. The pastoral care was taken over by a priest from Höningen and the proceeds from the incline went to the Stephansfeld monastery after deducting all expenses. When the religious division began and the Reformation largely took hold in the Leiningen area, the distant Stephansfeld Monastery sold all its possessions from the Hertlingshausen Monastery in Kallstadt , Herxheim am Berg , Leistadt , Großbockenheim , Kleinbockenheim and Children's Home to Count Emich X in 1538/39 . and Cuno II. von Leiningen, with which the former monastery property dissolved.
The monastery buildings
The historians Lehmann, Frey and Remling unanimously described the fate of the monastery buildings in the 1830s:
Johann Georg Lehmann wrote in 1832 that only a few traces can be seen, “only the foundation walls of the narrow monastery church, which 30 years ago was still intact with its gothic decorated window frames, and where only the roof was missing, are still there . "
Michael Frey stated in 1836: “Around 1800, the entire structure of the ancient monastery and later parish church, with the exception of the roof structure, with its gothic and decorated window frames still stood. Since then it has been torn down to its foundations and used for buildings, so that today, apart from its foundation walls, only a few pointed arches of the cloister connecting the monastery with the church are in the barn next to it. In the previous century there were still several tombstones of this monastery church, which came from the crypt that was placed under the monastery church itself. ” He also names Saints Nicholas and Udalrikus as co-patrons of the church.
In 1836, Franz Xaver Remling described some Gothic pointed arches from the former cloister, which at that time were walled in in the barn of a "brick hut". The remains of the old church with Gothic window frames were already removed around 1800 and used as building material.
Commemoration
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Today (2013) there are no more structural relics of the complex, only a few poor quality spoil stones , embedded in the cemetery wall or on private houses. A memorial has been dedicated to the monastery at the entrance to the cemetery since 2012. Otherwise, the Klosterhofstraße still reminds of the lost women's convent or the cloister courtyard, which emerged in 1585 from the monastery buildings as an agricultural property. All of the old houses in the village are largely built from the hewn sandstones of the monastery complex.
Since 1969, the Hertlingshausen community has been part of the younger village of Carlsberg under the name Carlsberg . In the town's coat of arms, the lily is supposed to remind of the lost choir women monastery Hertlingshausen.
Preserved spolia
Spolie from the monastery, let into the cemetery wall
Spolie from the monastery, let into the cemetery wall
Spolie from the monastery, let into the cemetery wall
Spolie from the monastery, let into the cemetery wall
Spolie from the monastery (window hatch made of sandstone, in the form of a Greek cross, plastered over and painted) installed on the property at Klosterhofstrasse 5
Spolie from the monastery (window hatch made of sandstone, in the form of a Greek cross) built into the property at Klosterhofstrasse 10
Profiled Spolienstein from the monastery. Formerly walled up in an old, demolished house; now set up in the garden
Back of the free-standing spoiler stone, with stop rebate for door
literature
- Johann Georg Lehmann : Historical paintings from the Rhine district of Bavaria , Volume 1, Heidelberg, 1832, p. 142 ff .; (Digital scan)
- Michael Frey : Attempt at a geographical-historical-statistical description of the royal Bavarian Rhine district , Volume 2, Speyer, 1836, p. 348 f .; (Digital scan)
- Franz Xaver Remling : Documented history of the former abbeys and monasteries in what is now Rhine Bavaria , Volume 2, Neustadt an der Haardt, 1836, pp. 75–79; (Digital scan)
- State Office for Monument Preservation: The Art Monuments of Bavaria , Administrative Region Palatinate, VIII. City and District Frankenthal, Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich, 1939, p. 279
- Karl Blum: Impoverished choir women - a look at the fate of the monastery at Hertlingshausen , in: Heimatjahrbuch des Landkreis Bad Dürkheim , No. 18, 2000, pp. 111–112
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Map to the Hertlingshausen cemetery
- ^ Franz Xaver Glasschröder : New documents on the Palatinate Church History in the Middle Ages , Publishing House of the Palatinate Society for the Advancement of Science, Speyer, 1930, pages 162 u. 163, document regist No. 258
- ↑ French website with photo and text about the Stephansfeld monastery
- ↑ Johann Georg Lehmann : Documented history of the Count's House of Leiningen-Hardenburg and Westerburg, in the former Wormsgaue , Volume 3 of: Documented history of the castles and mountain palaces in the former districts, counties and lordships of the Bavarian Palatinate , Kaiserslautern, 1863, page 156
- ↑ Lehmann 1832, p. 142
- ↑ Frey 1836, p. 348
- ↑ Remling 1836, p. 75
- ↑ Description of the coat of arms of Carlsberg ( Memento of the original from December 24, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
