Bossweiler
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Bossweiler
Local church Quirnheim
Coordinates: 49 ° 34 ′ 31 ″ N , 8 ° 7 ′ 15 ″ E
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| Height : | 195 m above sea level NHN | |
| Postal code : | 67280 | |
| Area code : | 06359 | |
Location of Boßweiler in Rhineland-Palatinate |
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Boßweiler is part of the Quirnheim community in the Rhineland-Palatinate district of Bad Dürkheim ; Located on the southern slope of the Gerstenberg, about one kilometer southwest of the core community, at the transition between the North Palatinate Bergland and the Weinstrasse region .
Location description
Boßweiler is located to the east of the connecting road between Ebertsheim (in the Eistal) and Quirnheim (on top of the mountain), about halfway between the two communities. The Quirnheimer Bach flows past the eastern edge and forms a left tributary of the river Eis .
In addition to the culturally important parish and pilgrimage church of St. Oswald and a courtyard from the 18th century, the place includes only a few residential buildings.
Recently, a large sociotherapeutic hospital dormitory was built which bears the name "Boßweilerhof".
history
Roman times
Boßweiler was already settled in Roman times. Aerial photographs and excavations show a Roman estate, a so-called Villa Rustica , from the time around the birth of Christ, which has not yet been excavated and is probably one of the largest in Germany. Sample-like sections showed a probable use up to 350 AD and other buildings in the area. The later town of Boßweiler undoubtedly developed from it, and Quirnheim, which is only slightly to the north, probably also developed. There are currently plans to research and develop the important facility for tourism.
middle Ages
The village settlement of Boßweiler, which dates back to Roman times, is mentioned as "Buchsolare" as early as 767 in the Fulda monastery codex and as "Buxlare" in 790–855 in the Lorsch Codex . "Bußweiler" is mentioned in 1453 as a fiefdom of Count Hesso von Leiningen and after his death from 1467 it belonged to the Grünstadt office of the County of Leiningen-Westerburg. During the Thirty Years' War the place went under, the ancient pilgrimage chapel to St. Oswald and a few houses have been preserved.
Modern times
From 1672 Boßweiler formed together with the larger Quirnheim the rule Bosweiler and Quirnheim . Quirim Merz (actually Ernst Quirinus Merz ), originally from Kurmainz , had been an episcopal privy councilor in Speyer since 1651 and was promoted to Chancellor of Prince-Bishop Lothar Friedrich von Metternich (1652–1675) on November 28, 1661 . Quirim Merz received both villages as a reward for his participation in the conversion of Count Ludwig Eberhard von Leiningen-Westerburg (1624–1688) to the Catholic faith. In 1674 a feudal contract formally transferred the little land to him; he was now "Lord in Quirnheim and Boßweiler", which was a basic requirement for receiving the Quirnheim title . The elevation to the old imperial knighthood took place on June 1, 1675 by the emperor in Vienna, under the hereditary title Merz von Quirnheim .
During the French period, a large part of the Merz family fled to Franconia on the right bank of the Rhine. Boßweiler and Quirnheim came in 1797 in the Peace of Campo Formio - finally confirmed by the Treaty of Lunéville (1801) - to the French Département du Mont-Tonnerre with the seat of government in Mainz . This condition lasted until 1814. After Napoleon's fall , Boßweiler fell to the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1816 . It remained Bavarian for exactly 130 years until the state of Rhineland-Palatinate was formed in 1946.
As a result of the dissolution of the Frankenthal (Pfalz) district , Boßweiler fell to the new Bad Dürkheim district in 1969 after more than 150 years of membership .
Sacred buildings
Oswald's Church
Since the old parish church of Quirnheim Castle remained Protestant, the Catholic family Merz von Quirnheim in nearby Boßweiler had the Gothic Oswald Chapel converted into an appealing Baroque parish and pilgrimage church between 1700 and 1707 . The old chapel, whose choir was as usual in the east, was taken over as a transept in the new building, so that the new baroque church has an unusual north-south direction with the choir facing south. The consideration of the historical building fabric is explained by the fact that it was a traditional religious center of the region with a rare patronage . There was a traditional pilgrimage there to the seldom revered plague and cattle patron St. Oswald of England and the church has a skull relic of this king to this day.
During a visit to the parish by Bishop Nikolaus von Weis , the cathedral capitular Wilhelm Molitor accompanying him discovered several damaged and completely neglected altar paintings in the church in 1860. On his initiative, they were restored and put back together. It is a winged altar from the environment of Martin Schongauer , which was created around 1485 and is today in Speyer - formerly in the cathedral - now in St. Ludwig . It is considered to be one of the most valuable and important medieval altars in the Palatinate and is known as the "Boßweiler Altar" after its place of origin. His attractive Christmas depictions in particular can often be found nationwide in books and printed works.
The burial place of the knight Merz von Quirnheim , which is not open to the public, is located in the church . The ceiling of the church is adorned with a splendid, colored coat of arms of the family. A modern commemorative plaque also refers to Colonel Albrecht Mertz von Quirnheim , who was descended from this family and who died as a resistance fighter in the assassination attempt on July 20, 1944 .
House of Nazareth
Between 1923 and 1956 the “Haus Nazareth” in Boßweiler was the motherhouse of the Catholic order of the Hildegardis Sisters of the Catholic Apostolate . The founder of the order, Father Adolf Panzer SAC (1884–1925) and his successor Spiritual Hermann Knoll (1897–1935) lived, worked and died here . They were buried in the nearby Quirnheim cemetery. On the occasion of the relocation of the motherhouse to Königsbach an der Weinstrasse , to the "Hildebrandseck" monastery, both priests, as founding fathers of the community, were transferred there on October 29, 1959. In 1930 the famous stigmatized Therese Neumann von Konnersreuth visited the sisters in Boßweiler.
Web links
- Website of the district administration Bad Dürkheim zu Quirnheim and Boßweiler
- Website of the community of Grünstadt-Land zu Quirnheim and Boßweiler
- St. Oswald Church, Boßweiler
Individual evidence
- ^ Website on the “Boßweilerhof” hospital dormitory ( Memento from May 6, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Aerial photograph of the northern undeveloped part of the Roman complex , source website of the Quirnheim community
- ↑ Website on Villa Rustica in Boßweiler ( Memento from March 22, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ List of places for the Lorsch Codex, Boßweiler Hof , Archivum Laureshamense - digital, Heidelberg University Library.
- ↑ Website about the Boßweiler Altar in Speyer
- ↑ Entry on the Order of the Hildegardis Sisters, with mention of Boßweiler on Order online
