Types of national responsibility of Germany

Types of national responsibility of Germany , shortly mostly as responsibility species referred to are animal and plant species for the conservation and protection Germany to the National Biodiversity Strategy has a particular responsibility because they are either only in Germany occur (endemic species) or a particularly high Share of the world population lives in Germany. In nature conservation, the concept of national responsibility is a supplement to the concept of the Red Lists , in which the degree of risk to animal and plant species is assessed. Together, these concepts can be used to define and distribute resources for nature conservation measures.

background

In 1992 Rio de Janeiro adopted UN Convention on Biological Diversity (English: Convention on Biological Diversity, CBD) urged the States to develop fundamentally new approaches to the protection of natural diversity. The Federal Republic of Germany implemented this task through the National Strategy on Biodiversity (also: National Biodiversity Strategy, or NBS) adopted in 2007 .

For the development of specific protection strategies, the question arose as to which species a single state or even a single federal state has a special responsibility for from a global perspective.

In principle, a state is responsible for all autochthonous species that occur in it . However, since the resources available are limited, priorities must be set according to which the scarce resources are distributed. The concept of responsibility takes into account the importance of the national occurrence of a species in a global context. Germany has a special responsibility for the animal and plant species, whose populations on German territory are indispensable for their worldwide survival. This affects species whose range is largely in Germany or which occur here in populations in highly isolated outposts or outposts.

The definition of types of responsibility is a supplement to the Red Lists of Endangered Species , in which endangered animal and plant species are recorded. However, the concept of national accountability is not limited to rare or declining species. Some of the species selected as particularly worthy of protection according to this concept, such as B. the red kite , are even common or widespread in Germany, but their population is endangered from a global perspective and has a clear focus of distribution in Germany.

The concept of national responsibility is intended to help set priorities in the protection of species and nature, since the types of responsibility must receive increased national attention in order to protect and secure their global existence. In addition to practical nature conservation measures, the definition of types of responsibility can also be used as an evaluation and selection criterion for the identification of priority natural areas, for nature conservation-oriented monitoring, for the definition of sustainability indicators and for the definition of intervention regulations.

Choice of species

On the one hand, the determination of responsibility is made to be technically correct, but on the other hand, it is also easy to use and thus manageable in practical nature conservation. The basis for this is initially a recognized taxonomic concept, on the basis of which an examination of the global distribution of animal and plant species is possible.

Three criteria are used to analyze national responsibility:

• the share that the respective populations in the reference area have in the total world population
• the importance of the population for genetic diversity within total global populations
• the degree of endangerment of the species in global terms

Based on these criteria, species are divided into three categories of national responsibility:

• Species for which Germany is particularly responsible:

Species whose extinction in the reference area would have an extremely serious negative impact on the total population or could mean the worldwide extinction of these species

• Species for which Germany is largely responsible:

Species whose extinction in the reference area would have a serious negative impact on the total population or would greatly increase the global endangerment of these species

• Species for whose highly isolated outpost Germany is particularly responsible:

This category is assigned to species that do not meet the criteria of the two aforementioned endangerment categories, but which form a population in at least one location in the reference area or colonize disjoint sub-areas of small extent (so-called isolated outposts).

List of German types of responsibility

For the implementation of the National Strategy on Biodiversity, the Federal Biodiversity Program, which will run from 2011, was set up, within the framework of which, in addition to protecting hotspots and ecosystem services that are important for biodiversity , the protection of types of responsibility is a funding priority. In cooperation with the individual federal states, the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety and the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation have drawn up a list of a total of 40 animal and plant species for which funding is possible under this federal program. This includes five mammal species, 7 bird species, 2 fish and amphibian species as well as 6 insect and 2 butterfly species. In addition, 15 plant species are named.

Mammals

image	German name	Latin name
	Bechstein's bat	Myotis bechsteinii
	Garden sleeper	Eliomys quercinus
	Pug bat	Barbastella barbastellus
	Marsh shrew	Neomys anomalus
	Wild cat	Felis silvestris silvestris

Birds

image	German name	Latin name
	Mountain duck	Aythya marila marila
	Golden plover	Pluvialis apricaria altifrons
	lapwing	Vanellus vanellus
	Middle woodpecker	Dendrocopos medius
	Red kite	Milvus milvus
	Scoter	Melanitta nigra nigra
	Dwarf swan	Cygnus columbianus bewickii

Amphibians

image	German name	Latin name
	fire salamander	Salamandra salamandra
	Yellow-bellied toad	Bombina variegata variegata

fishes

image	German name	Latin name
	Barbel	Barbus barbus
	Deep vendace	Coregonus spec. , all depth shapes

insects

image	German name	Latin name
	Apollo butterfly	Parnassius apollo , all subspecies except Parnassius apollo bartholomaeus and Parnassius apollo luitpoldus
	Black Apollo , subspecies	Parnassius mnemosyne , all subspecies except Parnassius mnemosyne hartmanni and Parnassius mnemosyne korbi
	Forel's notch ant	Formica foreli
	Pit beetle	Carabus (variolosus) nodulosus
	Hero buck	Cerambyx cerdo

Mollusks

image	German name	Latin name
	Flattened pond clam	Pseudanodonta complanata
	River pearl mussel	Margaritifera margaritifera
	Common painter's shell	Unio pictorum

plants

image	German name	Latin name
	Mountain rental (arnica)	Arnica montana
	Serpentine striped fern	Asplenium cuneifolium
	Stemless tragacanth	Astragalus exscapus
	Reichenbach's trembling grass sedge	Carex pseudobrizoides
	Bavarian spoonwort	Cochlearia bavarica
	Soft-haired Pippau	Crepis mollis
	Broad-leaved orchid	Dactylorhiza majalis
	Peony	Dianthus gratianopolitanus
	Sheath yellow star	Gagea spathacea
	Marsh gentian	Gentianella uliginosa
	Swamp club moss	Lycopodiella inundata
	Tide fennel	Oenanthe conioides
	Weißes Schnabelried	Rhynchospora alba
	Gray scabiosis	Scabiosa canescens
	Yellow calamine pansy	Viola calaminaria

Web links

• Types of national responsibility in Germany on the website of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Horst Gruttke: Basic considerations , models and criteria for determining the responsibility for the conservation of species with occurrences in Central Europe - an introduction. In: Horst Gruttke (edit.): Determination of the responsibility for the conservation of Central European species - Lectures and results of the symposium "Determination of the responsibility for the worldwide conservation of animal species occurring in Central Europe" on the island of Vilm from November 17th to 20th, 2003 Nature Conservation and Biological Diversity, Volume 8, Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn - Bad Godesberg 2004, pp. 7–23
2. ↑ § 1 (1) and (2) of the Federal Nature Conservation Act, (BNatschG), version of July 29, 2009
3. ↑ ^{a b c d} Types of national responsibility in Germany ( Memento of the original from June 2, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the homepage of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, accessed on June 3, 2016  
4. ↑ H. Gruttke, G. Ludwig, M. Schnittler, M. Binit-Hafke, M. Fritzlar, J. Kuhn, T. Assmann, H. Brunken. O. Denz, P. Detzel, K. Henle, M. Kuhlmann, H. Laufer, A. Matern, H. Meinig, G. Müller-Motzfeld, F. Schütz, J. Voith and E. Welk: Memorandum: Responsibility of Germany for the worldwide conservation of species. In: Horst Gruttke (edit.): Determination of the responsibility for the conservation of Central European species - Lectures and results of the symposium "Determination of the responsibility for the worldwide conservation of animal species occurring in Central Europe" on the island of Vilm from November 17th to 20th, 2003 Nature conservation and biological diversity, No. 8, Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn - Bad Godesberg 2004, pp. 273–280
5. ↑ Federal Biological Diversity Program ( Memento of the original dated June 3, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the homepage of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, accessed on June 3, 2016  
6. ↑ Species under special responsibility in Germany ( Memento of the original dated August 2, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the homepage of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, accessed on June 3, 2016