Atomic core
The core of the atom is an atom without external electrons .
In the shell model of atomic physics , one assumes that the electrons are grouped in shells around the atomic nucleus . When the outermost shell actually occupied by electrons has just reached its capacity limit (ie is “full”), one speaks of a shell closure ( noble gas configuration ). If this state is reached by releasing the electrons of the outermost, not completely occupied shell (the outer electrons) ( ionization ), then the core of the atom remains.
In the case of atoms of the elements hydrogen and helium , the core of the atom therefore consists only of the atomic nucleus. For all elements of the second period of the periodic table ( lithium , boron , beryllium , carbon , nitrogen , oxygen , fluorine and neon ) the atomic core consists of the atomic nucleus and the two electrons of the inner shell ( K-shell ), in general it consists of the atomic nucleus and the inner closed shells.
Web links
literature
- Walter Weizel: Textbook of Theoretical Physics . Second volume, Structure of Matter, Springer Verlag Berlin GmbH, Berlin 1950.
- Rudolf Herrmann, Uwe Preppernau: Electrons in the crystal . Springer Verlag Berlin New York, Berlin 1979.