August Juljewitsch Dawidow
August Juljewitsch Dawidow , Russian Август Юльевич Давидов , English transcription August Yulevich Davidov , (born December 15, 1823 in Liepāja ; † December 22, 1885 in Moscow ) was a Russian mathematician.
Life
Dawidow was born the son of a doctor into a Jewish family in Courland , his younger brother was the musician Karl Dawidow , who was later director of the conservatory in Saint Petersburg. From 1839 Dawidow studied at the Technical School in Moscow. In 1841 he turned to mathematics and studied at Moscow University with Nikolai Dmitrijewitsch Braschman mathematics and in 1845 received the university's gold medal for a mathematical essay. In 1848 he received his doctorate with a dissertation on the theory of the balance of lift. For this work he also received the Demidow Prize . He then taught mathematics at the Cadet Corps and probability theory at the university. In 1851 he completed his habilitation (Russian doctorate) with a thesis on capillarity, became professor of applied mathematics in 1853 and was given a full professorship at Moscow University in 1859. In 1862 he became professor of pure mathematics, was dean of the faculty for physics and mathematics from 1863 to 1873 and retired in 1885.
He wrote widespread school books, which were characterized by practical relevance and many illustrations, and was from 1862 on the council of the Moscow school district. His textbook on geometry had 13 editions from 1863 to 1889 and his algebra textbook had ten editions by 1883. He dealt mainly with analysis (certain integrals, partial differential equations), mechanics (including the theory of steam engines) and the application of probability theory to statistics and medicine (which he wrote books about).
Nikolai Bugayev and Nikolai Jegorowitsch Schukowski are among his students .
From 1866 to 1885 he was president of the Moscow Mathematical Society , which he founded with Braschman in 1864. After his death, his widow donated a mathematics prize under his name.
His son Alexei Augustowitsch Dawidow (1867-1940) was a musician (cellist), industrialist and banker who lived in Germany after the Russian Revolution and died in Berlin.
Web links
- Baltic Historical Commission (ed.): Entry on August Juljewitsch Dawidow. In: BBLD - Baltic Biographical Lexicon digital
- Russian biography of Dmitri Alexandrovich Grawe
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Dawidow, August Juljewitsch |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Давидов, Август Юльевич (Russian); Davidov, August Yulevich (English transcription) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian mathematician |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 15, 1823 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Liepāja |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 22, 1885 |
| Place of death | Moscow |