Autranella congolensis
| Autranella congolensis | ||||||||||||
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Illustration of Autranella congolensis |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Autranella | ||||||||||||
| A.Chev. | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Autranella congolensis | ||||||||||||
| ( De Wild. ) A. Chev. |
Autranella congolensis is a tree in the sapote family from central to western Africa . It is the only species in the genus Autranella .
description
Autranella congolensis grows as a slow-growing, semi- evergreen tree up to 40–50 meters high. The trunk diameter reaches over 150 centimeters. There are buttresses or small buttress roots formed. The brownish-gray bark is furrowed.
The simple, stalked, leathery and bare leaves are arranged in a screw-like manner at the branch ends. The slender, runny petiole is 4–5 centimeters long. The obovate to lanceolate leaves are entire and rounded to acuminate. They are 10-15 inches long and 4-5 inches wide. The veins are finely pinnate with indistinct lateral veins. The larger stipules are sloping.
The flowers appear singly or in clusters at the branch ends. The stalked flowers are hermaphroditic and have a double flower envelope . There are 8 hairy, 1 centimeter long sepals in two circles. The overgrown, small crown has a 7.5 millimeter long, bald corolla tube with 8 small, three-part lobes, with segments slightly hairy on the inside. The middle, small and upright lobe segment includes a stamen, the two lateral segments are much larger and expansive. There are alternating 8 short, almost sessile stamens at the top of the corolla tube and 8 staminodes, which are almost entirely fused with the short stamens of the stamens. The large, achtkammerige and hairy ovary is upper constant with short pencil .
There are 5-10 centimeters large, blackish and green-yellowish, one to two (three) seed berries formed. The up to 4-4.5 centimeters large, brown, flattened and egg-shaped, smooth, shiny seeds have a large, rectangular and bulging stigma ( hilum ). The pulp is yellow.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 26.
Taxonomy
The first description of Basionyms Mimusops congolensis was made in 1907 by Emile Auguste Joseph De Wildeman in Miss. Ém. Laurent 1: 434. The division into the new genus Autranella to Autranella congolensis took place in 1917 by Auguste Jean Baptiste Chevalier in Vég. Ut. Afr. Trop. Franc. 9: 268, 271. Other synonyms are Autranella boonei (De Wild.) A.Chev. , Mimusops boonei De Wild. , Autranella le-testui (Lecomte) A.Chev. , Mimusops le-testui Lecomte .
use
The fruits should be edible. An edible oil is obtained from the seeds .
The heavy and well-resistant but difficult to treat wood is known as mukulungu .
literature
- Quentin Meunier, Carl Moumbogou, Jean-Louis Doucet: Les arbres utiles du Gabon. Presses Agronomiques de Gembloux, 2015, ISBN 978-2-87016-134-0 , p. 280 f, limited preview in the Google book search.
- K. Kubitzki : The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Vol. VI: Flowering Plants Dicotyledons , Springer, 2004, ISBN 978-3-642-05714-4 , (Reprint), p. 400 f.
- M. Chudnoff: Tropical Timbers of the World. Agriculture Handbook 607, USDA, 1984, p. 186, limited preview in Google book search.
Web links
- Autranella congolensis at Useful Tropical Plants.
- Autranella congolensis in PROTA.