Avdotja Jakowlewna Panayeva

Avdotja Panajewa (painting by Kyrill Antonowitsch Gorbunow from the 1850s)

Avdotya Panaeva ( Russian Авдотья Яковлевна Панаева , scientific. Transliteration Avdot'ja Jakovlevna Panaeva ; born Avdotya Yakovlevna Brjanskaja [ Брянская ]; second wife Golowatschowa [ Головачёва ] * 12. August 1820 in Saint Petersburg ; † 11. April 1893 in Saint Petersburg) was a Russian writer. She has published a number of successful novels and short stories under the male pseudonym NN Stanizki ( Н. Н. Стани́цкий ). She remained well-known beyond her time through the literary salon that she ran with her first husband, Ivan Panayev . The most important writers of the time stayed there. Panayeva's memoirs have become an important contemporary testimony.

life and work

Panayeva was the daughter of well-known actors, received an inferior academic education at the Petersburg Theater School and, according to her parents' wishes, should have become a ballet dancer. In order to escape the stage environment and the tyranny of her mother, however, she married the writer Panayev at the age of 18. The couple had several children, all of whom died young.

The apartment was at Liteyny Prospekt 36 in Saint Petersburg and is now a museum. Many of the men who frequented her salon fell in love with Panayeva, including the 24-year-old Dostoevsky , who read poor people from his first work in her apartment in mid-November 1845 and was a frequent guest until 1846. Panayeva began a long-term partnership with Nikolai Nekrasov by 1848 at the latest . At that time, the marriage to Panayev was only on paper, and Nekrasov even lived in the same apartment as the couple.

In 1848 Panajewa published her first literary work, the Talnikow family , which fell victim to censorship because the latter found that the work undermined "morality and parental authority". The autobiographical novella was about tyrannical, selfish parents who are indifferent to the fate of their children. It was one of the first Russian prose works to describe childhood . Together with Nekrasov Panajewa then wrote the melodramatically colored novels Tri strany sveta (1848) and Mërtvoe Ozero (1852).

Žena časovogo mastera (1849), the novella Stepnaja baryšnja (1855) and Roman v peterburgskom polusvete (1860) were written without Nekrassov's participation . All three dealt with the issue of the living situation and the social position of women, which were mostly completely dominated by their husbands, which was then relevant everywhere in Europe. Panayeva was heavily influenced by George Sand .

Panayeva lived for a time in other European countries. It is known, for example, that she met Nekrasov in Vienna in the late summer of 1856 . When Panayev died in 1862, she could have married Nekrasov; however, the relationship was drained and ended entirely in 1863. Panayeva moved out of the shared apartment. In 1864 she married Apollon Filippowitsch Golowatschow , who worked as a journalist for Sovremennik . Their daughter, Evdokia Apollonovna Nagrodskaya , became a writer.

When Golovachev died in 1877, Panayeva was left penniless and wrote her memoirs to support herself and her daughter. These memoirs owe their historical importance to the direct view that Panayeva had as the wife of Panayev and as Nekrasov's partner from the innermost circle of the Russian intelligentsia . It was these two men who published the magazine Sovremennik ( Современник ) from 1847 to 1863 , which was the focus of intellectual life at that time. Panayeva published her memoirs in the Historical Herald magazine in 1889 and then in book form in 1890.

Works

• Semejstvo Talyikovych (Russian: Семейство Талыиковых ; in German, the title means : Talnikov family ), Powest , 1848
• with Nekrasov: Tri strany sveta ( Три страны света ; Three Lands of Light ), novel, 1848
• with Nekrasov: Mërtvoe Ozero ( Мёртвое Озеро ; Dead Sea ), Roman, 1852
• Stepnaja baryšnja ( Степная барышня ; A young lady from the steppe ), Powest, 1855
• Roman v peterburgskom polusvete ( Роман в петербургском полусвете ; A romance in the Petersburg demimonde ), Roman, 1860
• Vospominanija ( Воспоминания ; Memories ), 1890

literature

• Panáeva, Avdót'ia Iákovlevna . In: Marina Ledkovsky, Charlotte Rosenthal, Mary Zirin (Eds.): Dictionary of Russian Woman Writers . Greenwood Press, Westport, CT 1994, ISBN 0-313-26265-9 , pp. 480 ff . ( limited preview in Google Book search).
• Marina Ledkovsky: Avdotya Panaeva . Her Salon and Her Life. In: Russian Literature Quarterly . tape 9 , 1974, p. 429 .

Web links

Commons : Avdotya Panaeva  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Literature by and about Avdotja Jakowlewna Panajewa in the bibliographic database WorldCat
• Panaeva A.Ya. Online edition of their most important works in Russian

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Panáeva, Avdót'ia Iákovlevna . In: Marina Ledkovsky, Charlotte Rosenthal, Mary Zirin (Eds.): Dictionary of Russian Woman Writers . Greenwood Press, Westport, CT 1994, ISBN 0-313-26265-9 , pp. 480 ff .
2. ^ Nikolay Nekrasov Apartment Museum. Retrieved November 7, 2013 . 
3. ^ Joseph Frank: Dostoevsky . The Stir of Liberation, 1860-1865. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ 1986, ISBN 0-691-01452-3 , pp. 16 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
4. ^ Walter G. Moss: Russia in the Age of Alexander II, Tolstoy and Dostoevsky . Anthem, 2002, ISBN 1-898855-59-5 , pp. 52 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
5. ^ Walter G. Moss: Russia in the Age of Alexander II, Tolstoy and Dostoevsky . Anthem, 2002, ISBN 1-898855-59-5 , pp. 92 .