Ayyubids (Yemen)

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The Ayyubids in Yemen ( Arabic أيوبيو اليمن, DMG Aiyūbiyū l-Yaman ) were a branch of the Egyptian Ayyubid ( 1173 - 1228 ) with Kurdish descent.

After the fall of the Fatimids in Egypt by Saladin (1171) whose restless and dynamic brother conquered Tūrānschāh large parts of Yemen. The Ayyubid army landed in northern Tihama . Tūrānschāh united with the Sulaymanids and moved southward from Ḥaraḑ . In the direction of Taizz everything was overrun and Tūrānshāh moved further south and defeated the Ismaili Zurayids in Aden . From there he turned again in the northerly opposite direction to Djibla and marched against Dhamār . Resistance arose for the first time. The battle for Sanaa initially remained undecided. The organization of the occupied territories began. Control of Yemen was shared by the Zaidi imam in the north, and the Sunni Ayyubids in the south and in the Tihama. An effective feudal system developed for the first time . Thanks to an efficient tax system, the Ayyubids were able to generate very high income from agriculture , but above all from trade between India and the Mediterranean region . The port tax in Aden alone is said to have amounted to 600,000 gold dinars a year. The Ayyubids' greatest achievement was their gift of creating an effective political unit in administrative terms (policy of unification). However, the Ayyubid troops withdrew from Yemen as early as 1228. The Rasulids were installed as governors of the country .

Individual evidence

  1. G.Rex Smith Political History of Islamic Yemen up to the First Turkish Invasion, pp. 136–154 (144)

literature

  • G. Rex Smith, Political History of Islamic Yemen up to the First Turkish Invasion in Werner Daum (Ed.), "Yemen" , Umschau-Verlag, Frankfurt / Main, 1987, published for the exhibition "Yemen, 3000 Years of Art and Culture of the Happy Arabia " in the State Museum of Ethnology in Munich (April 29 - December 31, 1987) ISBN 3-7016-2251-5