Bartholomäus Bausner

Bartholomäus Bausner (lat. Bartholomaeus Bausnerus) (* 1629 in Reps ; † April 14, 1682 in Biertan ) was a Transylvanian Protestant theologian and philosopher with significant work in the cardiological-scientific field and bishop of the Transylvanian Saxons in Biertan.

Life

Bausner enrolled at the grammar school in Sibiu on May 8, 1646, and successfully finished his school days here in 1651. On August 16, 1651 he began studying philosophy and theology at the University of Wittenberg . On May 16, 1654, he moved to the University of Leiden , where he became a student of the philosopher Adrianus Heereboord (1614–1661), a representative of Cartesianism in Leiden. In September 1652 the disputation took place under Heereboord with the philosophical work Disputatio Philosophica De Cordis Humani Actionibus, i.e. a work on the activity of the human heart. In this work Bausner represented 24 theses in which the functions of the human heart were presented according to the concept of William Harvey . So Bausner sided with Harvey early on. In 1656 Bausner published a three-part medical work in Amsterdam on the harmony of the human body parts. Here he took the view that nothing in the human body would happen without law, order, harmony, weight, measure or number. Bausner viewed diseases as a result of organ damage. For him health was the harmonious interplay of organs. In the individual chapters of the three-part work, Bausner first presented the anatomy and physiology of the respective organ. This was followed by a short chapter entitled Usus medicus, ie the title "Medical Use." This view of establishing a connection between anatomy, physiology and practical medicine , became known under the name "Anatomia animata" by Albrecht von Haller .

In 1656 Bausner became a deacon in Schäßburg , then pastor in Nadesch and Reichesdorf . In 1667 he became general dean of the Protestant churches in Transylvania and in 1669 Bishop of the Transylvanian Saxons in Biertan. Bausner stated in his cardiological work that the doctor should subordinate everything to efforts to heal the heart. He also took the view that pastors should pay sick visits even if they were not asked to.

Bausner made it possible that Cartesianism was not officially disreputed within the Protestant Church of Transylvania. Bausner died in Birthälm in 1682.

Works

Disputatio Philosophica de Cordis Humani Actionibus , Lugduni Batavorum 1654.
De consensu partium humani corporis Libri III. In quibus Ea omnia, quae ad quamque Actionem, que quomodo in Homine, concurrunt, recensentur, actionum modus ut et consensus ratio explicatur, adeoque Universa Hominis Oeconomia traditur, Amsterdam 1656. (Three books on the harmony of the human body parts, in which all those Things are enumerated which contribute to a certain extent to their functions, especially in humans, with explanations of the functions as well as the rationality of the relationships and which also deal with the entire balance of the human being.)

literature

August Ferdinand Brüggemann: Biography of Doctors , in: Medicinische Biographie or complete news of the life of doctors, surgeons, pharmacists and the most excellent naturalists who have become known as writers , 1st volume 1st issue, Brockhaus Leipzig 1829, p. 347.
Constantin Iunescu Gulian : Istoria gândirii sociale şi filozofice în România , Bucureşti 1964, p. 64.
Brigitte Müller b. Lingner: Bartholomäus Bausner as a forerunner of the knowledge of the physiology and pathology of the blood circulation, dissertation Medical Faculty Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, academic supervisors Axel Hinrich Murken and Arnold Huttmann , cartography and printing Peter List 1992.
Arnold Huttmann : The Transylvanian Bartholomäus Bausner and his merits in researching the physiology of the blood circulation , in: Arnold Huttmann: Medicine in old Siebenbürgen , Hora Hermannstadt / Sibiu 2000, pp. 271–282.
Robert Offner : German Universities as Training Centers for Transylvanian Doctors from the Beginnings to 1850, in: Márta Fata, Gyula Kurucz and Anton Schindling : Peregrinatio Hungarica. Students from Hungary at German and Austrian universities from the 16th to the 20th century , Contubernium, Tübingen Contributions to University and Science History, Steiner Stuttgart 2006, p. 316.

Individual evidence

↑ Roger Rullière: The 17th Century. The discovery of the (real) blood circulation , in: Illustrated history of medicine. (Jean-Charles Sournia, Jacques Poulet, Marcel Martiny: Histoire de la médicine, de la pharmacie, de l'art dentaire et de l'art vétérinaire. Ed. By Albin Michel-Laffont-Tchou and colleagues, Paris 1977–1980, 8 volumes) German adaptation by Richard Toellner with the collaboration of Wolfgang Eckart , Nelly Tsouyopoulos , Axel Hinrich Murken and Peter Hucklenbroich, 9 volumes, Salzburg 1980–1982; also as a special edition in six volumes, ibid. 1986, vol. 2 of the special edition, pp. 1082-1088.

Web links

Kulturportal West – Ost: Bausner, Bartholomäus , accessed on January 1, 2018.

personal data
SURNAME	Bausner, Bartholomäus
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Bausnerus, Bartholomaeus; Baussner, Bartholomäus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Protestant theologian and philosopher
DATE OF BIRTH	1629
PLACE OF BIRTH	Reps
DATE OF DEATH	April 14, 1682
Place of death	Biertan

[1] Roger Rullière: The 17th Century. The discovery of the (real) blood circulation , in: Illustrated history of medicine. (Jean-Charles Sournia, Jacques Poulet, Marcel Martiny: Histoire de la médicine, de la pharmacie, de l'art dentaire et de l'art vétérinaire. Ed. By Albin Michel-Laffont-Tchou and colleagues, Paris 1977–1980, 8 volumes) German adaptation by Richard Toellner with the collaboration of Wolfgang Eckart , Nelly Tsouyopoulos , Axel Hinrich Murken and Peter Hucklenbroich, 9 volumes, Salzburg 1980–1982; also as a special edition in six volumes, ibid. 1986, vol. 2 of the special edition, pp. 1082-1088.