Community of builders

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A builders' association (also known as an assembly or building community ) is the union of several private builders who jointly plan, build or convert apartments, individual apartment buildings , commercial or communal spaces - for their own use or rental .

In contrast to buying real estate from a developer , users can already bring in their own wishes in the planning phase, which cannot be fulfilled on the housing market . Nevertheless, in contrast to the individually built single-family dwelling , the advantages of an apartment building are used. It is also possible to influence the composition of the later house community .

In particular, people and groups who want to live in a house community with extensive communal structures such as a multi-generation house with certain ideological or ecological orientations can found a committed house community with a building owner community.

For the foundation, a community of interests and / or planning is first formed. The community of builders only exists from the acquisition of the property and only until the construction project has been completed and billed. The building is operated as a homeowners association or as a cooperative .

One can speak of a building community if the following characteristics are met:

  • The decision-making authority in planning, building and all contracts rests with the community. One therefore speaks of participatory (democratic) planning and building.
  • The community is usually established as a civil society (GbR).
  • The community bears all building owner risks: costs, deadlines and qualities.
  • All service, planning and construction contracts are only concluded with the entire building community.
  • Each member buys his share of the property without a building or with an old building to be renovated as part of the community.
  • The entire structure is tendered and awarded on behalf of the building community .
  • All contracts, plans, costs and minutes are freely accessible to members.

Legal forms

The legal association of all those involved in such a project can be divided into four phases.

Community of interests
brings together those willing to build. There is no legal form or any legal or financial connection to the project.
Planning community
the group commissions an architect or planner with the construction and project planning and the future allocation of the residential units . This creates concrete, above all financial obligations, so that most planning communities are organized as a civil society (GbR). However, in this planning phase it is easy to leave and join. The members must also inform each other about their financial standing.
Community of builders
The specific construction project begins with the purchase of the property and the start of construction. This means that the building owners' community enters into high financial obligations and must also be able to make decisions in the construction industry. A partnership agreement obliges the building owners' association, which is usually organized as a civil law partnership (GbR), to carry out the entire construction project financially . Leaving the group is now associated with a lot of effort.
business
The building is operated as a homeowners association in accordance with the Apartment Ownership Act (WEG) or as a cooperative .
Mixed forms between cooperatives and owner associations can be found particularly in Hamburg.

advantages

In a joint building project, the future users have many design options for their own unit and the common rooms. A good neighborhood can already be created during the planning process and the construction phase. The costs are significantly lower in a building community due to the elimination of commissions and profits compared to a property developer. As a rule, the real estate transfer tax and notary fees due are only calculated on the purchase price of the property and, in the case of old building projects, on the purchase of the old building, but not on the renovation costs. The cost savings compared to the property development project are around 15%. For municipalities , building cooperatives are attractive partners for sustainable urban development , as builders in building projects often quickly identify with their surroundings and actively help to shape their living space.

disadvantage

In contrast to the purchase of an apartment from the developer at a fixed price, the builders grouped together in building associations bear the full risk of the builder, i.e. H. also the risk of cost increases and delays. Support from professional project management is therefore advisable - it accompanies the building project, moderates the building community, brings about decisions and pays attention to schedule and cost plans. Membership in the building association requires a higher expenditure of time due to planning and construction-accompanying decisions by the builder, which can also be minimized by engaging a project manager.

Urban development with building communities

When the reuse of the former barracks of the French military in the two university towns of Tübingen and Freiburg im Breisgau was pending in the mid-1990s , most of the land was given to building cooperatives. Thanks to the low-priced offers from the building associations, the strained housing markets in both cities were significantly relieved. The development of the fallow land with building cooperatives also opened up new scope for a different, sustainable type of urban development. Anyone who visits the French Quarter in Tübingen or the Vauban in Freiburg sees projects that draw their quality from the commitment of their residents. Building cooperatives have long since turned from an experiment into a rule; Similar developments are now underway in many other cities, e.g. B. in Karlsruhe, Hamburg, Leipzig or Berlin. In Berlin, building cooperatives with several hundred new apartments per year have established themselves as an integral part of the housing market.

literature

  • Dietmar Walberg: Guideline for group housing projects, edited by vd Arbeitsgemeinschaft für contemporary building eV Kiel 2015. ISBN 978-3-939268-22-2
  • Baden-Württemberg Chamber of Architects, Tübingen Chamber Group (ed.): Plan - build - live, building associations in Tübingen Tübingen 2007
  • City Development Office in Hanover : New Housing Quality - A Guide for Building Associations Hanover 2008
  • Gudrun Th. De Maddalena, Matthias Schuster: go south, the Tübingen model. Tübingen / Berlin 2005
  • Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg, Building Authority, Housing Office: Guidelines for building cooperatives in Hamburg (PDF; 106 kB) Hamburg 2001
  • Dörte Fuchs, Jutta Ort: Building in a group. Munich 2000.
  • Friedrich Heinzmann: The free building owner community. Practical considerations from a legal point of view and contract models. 3rd modified and supplemented edition. Tübingen / Berlin 2006
  • Initiator group / Chamber of Architects Baden-Württemberg, Chamber Group Freiburg and Chamber Group Breisgau / Architects Forum Freiburg (Ed.): Assembly architecture in Freiburg - from experiment to rule Freiburg 2004
  • Stefan Krämer, Gerd Kuhn: Cities and Building Associations. New developers and municipal action strategies. Wüstenrot Foundation (ed.), Stuttgart / Zurich 2009
  • Kuhn, Gerd; Harlander, Tilmann (ed.): Building communities in south-west Germany LBS Foundation for Building and Living (ed.); Stuttgart 2010.
  • State capital Stuttgart, Office for Urban Planning and Urban Renewal (Ed.): New urban living in building communities. In: Contributions to urban development. 36, Stuttgart 2005
  • Kristien Ring, DAZ German Architecture Center (Hrsg.): Build on one another, assemblies in the city. Berlin 2007
  • Ministry of Economic Affairs Baden-Württemberg: Building cooperatives. A modern way to home ownership Stuttgart 2001
  • Kristien Ring, AA PROJECTS and Senate Department for Urban Development and Environment, Berlin: Self-made City - urban design and residential projects on your own initiative . JOVIS Verlag, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-86859-167-5 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Friedrich Heinzmann: The free builders' community. Practical considerations from a legal point of view and contract models. 3rd modified and supplemented edition. Tübingen / Berlin 2006 p. 21
  2. ↑ Alternatives: property developer or building association. Retrieved May 19, 2011 .
  3. ^ "Building Communities in Southwest Germany", LBS Foundation for Building and Living; Kuhn, Gerd; Harlander, Tilmann (Ed.), Paderborn 2010
  4. ↑ Market development in Berlin. Retrieved May 19, 2011 .
  5. ^ Building community Berlin. Retrieved May 19, 2011 .

See also

Web links

Regional groups: