Accession treaty 2003
The Accession Treaty 2003 is a treaty between the European Union and the ten countries of the Czech Republic , Estonia , Republic of Cyprus , Latvia , Lithuania , Hungary , Malta , Poland , Slovenia and Slovakia on the accession of these countries to the EU. At the same time, the treaty amended some provisions that were originally set out by the Treaty of Nice .
The 2003 Accession Treaty was signed on April 16, 2003 in the Stoa des Attalos in the ancient Agora in Athens by the heads of state and government as well as the foreign ministers of the EU member states and the representatives of the ten acceding countries, and was adopted together with the other decisions on enlargement on Published in the Official Journal of the European Union on 23 September 2003 . It is considered a “monstrous contract” with a total of approx. 5000 pages and, in addition to the actual contract, includes the individual contracts with the acceding countries, transitional provisions and many other agreements.
It came into force on May 1, 2004 and built on the Treaty of Nice , which had prepared the EU enlargement in 2004 . The decision on enlargement was finally taken in Copenhagen in December 2002 after more than ten years of preparations for membership . Among other things, the member states agreed with the candidate countries on a financial package for the first few years after enlargement.
The title of the main contract is: Treaty between the Kingdom of Belgium, the Kingdom of Denmark, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Hellenic Republic, the Kingdom of Spain, the French Republic, Ireland, the Italian Republic, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Republic of Austria , the Portuguese Republic, the Republic of Finland, the Kingdom of Sweden, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (Member States of the European Union) and the Czech Republic, the Republic of Estonia, the Republic of Cyprus, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Republic of Hungary, the Republic of Malta, the Republic of Poland, the Republic of Slovenia, the Slovak Republic on the accession of the Czech Republic, the Republic of Estonia, the Republic of Cyprus, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Republic of Hungary, the Republic of Malta, the Republic of Poland, the Republic of Slovenia and the Slovak Republic to the European ic union .
The treaty itself contains the names and signatures of all 25 contracting parties and sets out the principle of enlargement to include the ten new member states. For the conditions of admission and the necessary adjustments to the EU treaties, the contract refers to the separate act that became part of the contract.
Terms: membership documents / membership contract
The Official Journal of the European Union understands accession documents or the term "documents relating to accession [...]" to mean "the entirety of those legal acts which are indispensable for accession according to the accession regulations and previous accession practice".
Joining 2003 therefore includes:
- Commission opinion on applications for membership
- European Parliament legislative resolutions on applications for membership
- Council decision on the admission of the candidate countries to the European Union
- Notification of the entry into force of the membership agreement
- Accession Agreement
- Act of Accession
- Appendices to the Act of Accession and Annexes
- Protocols to the Act of Accession
- Final act
The term accession documents is therefore more comprehensive than that of the accession treaty.
Structure of the membership contract
According to the final act, this accession agreement consists of four parts:
- Accession Treaty (Art. 1–3)
- Acts on the conditions of accession and the amendments to the treaties on which the European Union is based (Articles 1–62), so-called Act of Accession *
- Texts attached to the above file, consisting of:
- Annexes I-XVIII:
- I: List of the provisions of the Schengen acquis incorporated into the EU framework and the legal acts based on it or otherwise related to it, which will be binding on and to be applied in the new Member States upon accession (pursuant to Article 3 of the Act of Accession)
- II: List under Article 20 of the Act of Accession
- III: List under Article 21 of the Act of Accession
- IV: List under Article 22 of the Act of Accession
- V: List under Article 24 of the Act of Accession: Czech Republic
- VI: List under Article 24 of the Act of Accession: Estonia
- VII: List under Article 24 of the Act of Accession: Cyprus
- VIII: List under Article 24 of the Act of Accession: Latvia
- IX: List under Article 24 of the Act of Accession: Lithuania
- X: List under Article 24 of the Act of Accession: Hungary
- XI: List under Article 24 of the Act of Accession: Malta
- XII: List under Article 24 of the Act of Accession: Poland
- XIII: List under Article 24 of the Act of Accession: Slovenia
- XIV: List under Article 24 of the Act of Accession: Slovakia
- XV: ceilings for additional obligations under Article 32 (1) of the Act of Accession
- XVI: List under Article 52 paragraph 1 of the Act of Accession
- XVII: List according to Article 52 paragraph 2 of the Act of Accession
- XVIII: List under Article 52 paragraph 3 of the Act of Accession
- Annexes I-XVIII:
- Protocols No. 1–10:
- Protocol No. 1 on amendments to the Statute of the European Investment Bank
- Protocol No. 2 on the restructuring of the Czech steel industry (including appendices 1–4)
- Protocol No. 3 on the sovereign areas of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in Cyprus (incl. Annex and declaration by the EU Commission)
- Protocol No. 4 on Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant in Lithuania
- Protocol No. 5 on the transit of persons by land between the Kaliningrad region and the rest of the Russian Federation
- Protocol No. 6 on the acquisition of second homes in Malta
- Protocol No. 7 on Abortion in Malta
- Protocol No. 8 on restructuring in the Polish steel industry (including appendices 1–4)
- Protocol No. 9 concerning reactors 1 and 2 of the Bohunice V1 nuclear power plant in Slovakia
- Protocol No. 10 on Cyprus
- Protocols No. 1–10:
- Final act
- Text of the final act
- Declarations by the authorized representatives
- Other explanations
- Joint declarations: The current Member States / Estonia
- Joint declarations: Several current Member States / Several new Member States
- Joint statements by the current Member States
- Joint statements by several current Member States
- General Joint Declaration of the Current Member States
- Joint statements by several new Member States
- Statements by the Czech Republic
- Statements by the Republic of Estonia
- Statements by the Republic of Latvia
- Statements by the Republic of Lithuania
- Statements by the Republic of Malta
- Statements by the Republic of Poland
- Statements by the Republic of Slovenia
- Statements by the Commission of the European Communities
- Correspondence
Terms of the contract
A large part of the texts dealt with transition periods and financial aid for the candidate countries. General provisions, some of which were already laid down in the Treaty of Nice, also affected the enlargement treaty. For example, the date of the introduction of the new double majority in the Council of the European Union has been postponed from January 1, 2005 to November 1, 2004 in the transitional provisions.
Timeline of the European Treaties
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Sign in force contract |
1948 1948 Brussels Pact |
1951 1952 Paris |
1954 1955 Paris Treaties |
1957 1958 Rome |
1965 1967 merger agreement |
1986 1987 Single European Act |
1992 1993 Maastricht |
1997 1999 Amsterdam |
2001 2003 Nice |
2007 2009 Lisbon |
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| European Communities | Three pillars of the European Union | ||||||||||||||||||||
| European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM) | → | ← | |||||||||||||||||||
| European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) | Contract expired in 2002 | European Union (EU) | |||||||||||||||||||
| European Economic Community (EEC) | European Community (EC) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| → | Justice and Home Affairs (JI) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Police and judicial cooperation in criminal matters (PJZS) | ← | ||||||||||||||||||||
| European Political Cooperation (EPC) | → | Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) | ← | ||||||||||||||||||
| Western Union (WU) | Western European Union (WEU) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| dissolved on July 1, 2011 | |||||||||||||||||||||
literature
- Franz Merli , Stefan Huster (Hrsg.): The contracts for the EU eastward expansion: Commentary with systematic explanations . Berlin / Vienna 2008, ISBN 978-3-8305-0894-6 .
- Matthias Niedobitek: Basic international and European law issues of the EU accession treaties. In: JZ. 2004, pp. 369-375.
- Reinhard Veser: The new ones in the EU. Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Cyprus. Vienna 2004, ISBN 3-85493-084-4 .
- Marek Zila: The new protection norms of the accession agreements of the European Union. Heidelberg 2008, ISBN 978-3-8329-3209-1 .
Web links
- The 2003 Accession Treaty
- Official Journal of the EU: Act of Accession
- Official Journal of the EU: Annexes to the Annexes
Individual evidence
- ↑ OJ. 2003, L 236/33 and C 227 E
- ↑ OJ. 2003, L 236/33 and C 277 E
- ^ Oppermann, Classen, Nettesheim: European law . 4th edition. Munich 2009, p. 754 , para. 42 .
- ↑ OJ. EU No. L 236 of September 23, 2003, p. 17, see also Handbook of European Law (HdE), IA 7a / 13 (453rd delivery - March 2004)
- ↑ see the documents for first northern expansion (1973), ABl. EG 1972 No. L 73, p. 1; Accession of Greece (1980) OJ. EG 1979 No. L 291, p. 1; Accession of Spain and Portugal in 1986 OJ. EG 1985 No. L 302; Accession of Finland, Austria and Sweden (1995) OJ. EG 1994 No. C 241, p. 1 ff .; for accession 2004 OJ EU 2003, No. L 236, p. 1 ff.
- ↑ Marek Zula, The new protective norms of the accession agreements of the European Union, Baden-Baden 2008, p. 31
- ↑ Handbook of European Law (Hde), IA 7a ff.
- ↑ OJ. EU 2003 No. L 236, pp. 3-4.
- ↑ ; OJ EU 2003 No. L 236, pp. 5-14
- ↑ OJ. EU 2003 No. L 236, p. 15
- ↑ OJ. EU 2003 No. L 236, p. 16
- ↑ OJ. EU 2003 No. L 236, p. 17 ff.
- ↑ OJ. EU 2003 No. L 236, p. 33 ff.
- ↑ OJ. EU 2003 No. L 236, p. 50 ff .; Appendices to the annexes: OJ. EU 2003 No. C 227 E p. 1 ff.
- ↑ OJ. EU 2003 No. L 236, p. 931 ff.
- ↑ OJ. EU 2003 No. L 236, p. 957 ff.
- ↑ OJ. L 236/959 of 23 September 2003
- ↑ mainly directories, lists
- ↑ changed several times, see list in Handbuch des Europäische Rechts (HdE), IA 71/14, pp. 1–3
Applicable treaties: Treaty on European Union | Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union | Euratom Treaty
Founding and amending treaties : ECSC Treaty (1951) | Treaties of Rome : EEC Treaty , Euratom Treaty (1957) | Merger Treaty (1965) | First financial contract (1970) | Second financial contract (1975) | Single European Act (1986) | Maastricht Treaty (1992) | Treaty of Amsterdam (1997) | Treaty of Nice (2001) | Lisbon Treaty (2007)
Accession and Withdrawal Treaties: 1972 | 1979 | Greenland Treaty (1984) | 1985 | 1994 | 2003 | 2005 | 2011 | Brexit (2020)
Rejected contracts: EVG contract (1952) | Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe (2004)