Belp-Montenach (noble family)

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Coat of arms of the barons of Belp-Montenach

The von Belp-Montenach were a Swiss baron family. The highest expansion of power of the barons can be demonstrated in the 12th and 13th centuries. They were owned by the Belp and Montenach lords and various estates in Muri and Wattenwil .

history

With Baron Ulrich von Belp the family is mentioned for the first time in 1107 in the entourage of the Counts of Burgundy. The barons' real estate, the Belp dominion, came into being when the Carolingian counties were dissolved and was given as a fief directly by the emperor to the barons. The family maintained good relations with the dukes of Zähringen . In 1111 Ulrich von Belp and his son Rudolf von Belp were present at the funeral of Duke Berthold II von Zähringen in the monastery of St. Peter . Between 1122 and 1132 Ulrich von Belp and his sons Konrad and Burkhard are named as witnesses in Zähringian documents. In 1131 Burkhard von Belp accompanied Duke Konrad von Zähringen to Strasbourg on the court day of King Lothar III. In 1146 the brothers Konrad and Rudolf von Belp take part in the Duke's court day in Worb. Konrad is mentioned for the first time as Herr von Montenach, while his brother continues to call himself Rudolf von Belp. At that time there must have been a division of power into a German line Belp and a Welsche line Montenach. It is not known how the barons came to rule Montenach. A transfer by the Zähringer is to be assumed. Perhaps the takeover through a marriage of Konrad with a Contesson of Montenach , who is mentioned as mistress of Montenach in 1178, comes into question. The German line disappears between 1195 and 1223, so their possessions come back to the French line.
Aymo II von Montenach placed himself under the suzerainty of Count Peter II of Savoy with his rule Belp in 1254 , but rebelled against him in 1265 and was killed. His son Wilhelm I had to finally submit to Savoy in 1267 . In 1277 he shared his father's territory with his brother Hartmann. Wilhelm received the rule of Montenach and Hartmann Belp as well as all other properties east of the Saane. After Hartmann's death in 1281, his son Ulrich von Belp-Montenach took over his territory. In 1298, the barons Ulrich and his uncle Wilhelm I von Montenach turned against the city ​​of Bern , where they were reluctantly forced into citizenship rights under Berthold V. von Zähringen . The nobles joined a coalition led by the city ​​of Freiburg and took part in the Battle of Dornbühl . After the defeat of Freiburg, the Hohburg was conquered and destroyed by the Bernese in a ten-day siege. Ulrich von Belp-Montenach was not allowed to rebuild his castle and had to forego compensation, in addition he had to submit to the city of Bern with all his possessions in the upper Aare valley and was forced into a twenty-year civil law with the city of Bern in 1306. His uncle Wilhelm I from Montenach got off lightly. His sons Hartmann and Aegidius were the last male representatives of the Belper line. In 1383 Hartmann's daughter Katharina sold the rest of the Belp estate to Petermann von Wabern. The Montenach line existed until 1493 as a feudal bearer of the Dukes of Savoy, under whom they ruled several times as Vogt of Vaud.

Domination

The barons had probably always owned the Belp rule, which was bestowed upon them by the emperor after the collapse of Burgundy County. The barons had their seat on the Hohburg am Belpberg . Although the barons were feudal bearers of the emperor , they were unable to establish sovereignty because they did not have high jurisdiction . With the acquisition of Montenach the barons came under the feudal sovereignty of the Zähringer. From 1267 the Belp-Montenach were fiefs of the Counts of Savoy. After the defeat of 1298 the barons lost all areas in the upper Aare valley to Bern and had to take the rule of Belp von Bern as a fief. It is controversial whether the castle and rule of Geristein , as Conrad Justinger says, also belonged to the barons of Belp-Montenach in 1298.

people

The Belp-Montenach family from 1107–1383

  1. Ulrich von Belp (attested 1107–11), Baron von Belp, follower of the Zähringer
    1. Rudolf von Belp (documented 1111–46), Baron von Belp, follower of the Zähringer
    2. Konrad von Montenach (documented 1146–75), Baron von Montenach, follower of the Zähringer ⚭ Contesson von Montenach
      1. Rudolf von Montenach (occupied 1173–96 / 98), Baron von Montenach
        1. Aymo I. von Montenach (occupied from 1192/96, † 1239), baron von Belp and Montenach ⚭ Gepa von Wolhusen
          1. Aymo II of Montenach (documented 1230–65), baron of Belp and Montenach, follower of the Savoy
            1. Wilhelm I of Montenach (occupied from 1262, † 1311), Baron von Montenach, follower of the Savoy; ( see below )
            2. Hartmann von Belp-Montenach (attested from 1262, † 1281), Baron von Belp, follower of the Savoy
              1. Ulrich von Belp-Montenach († before May 13, 1334), Baron von Belp, follower of the Savoy
                1. Hartmann II of Belp-Montenach († before October 15, 1364), Baron von Belp, ⚭ Nicole von Englisberg
                  1. Katharina von Belp-Montenach (documented 1383)
                2. Aegidius von Belp-Montenach († before March 31, 1358), Baron von Belp
    3. Burkhard von Belp, Baron von Belp (documented 1131), a retainer of the Zähringer


The Montenach family from Wilhelm I.

  1. Wilhelm I von Montenach (occupied from 1262, † 1311), son of Aymo II, Baron von Montenach, follower of the Savoy
    1. Aymo III. von Montenach (occupied 1321–23), Baron von Montenach, Vogt of Vaud, follower of the Savoy, ⚭ Agnes von Grandson-Belmont
      1. Wilhelm II of Montenach (documented July 21, 1321, † November 1334), Baron von Montenach, Vogt of Vaud, Castvogt of the Payerne Priory , follower of the Savoy, ⚭ Catherine of Neuchâtel
        1. William III. von Montenach, Freiherr von Montenach
          1. Theobald von Montenach (documented 1372-1414), Baron von Montenach
            1. Anton von Montenach (attested 1430–70), castellan of Montenach, follower of the Savoy
              1. Humbert von Montenach (documented 1469–91), castellan von Montenach, follower of the Savoy
                1. Jakob von Montenach (documented 1491–93)
            2. Johann von Montenach (documented 1437), illegitimate son of Theobald, canon in Avignon
          2. Aymo V. von Montenach (documented 1371–99), Freiherr von Montenach, Johanniter
      2. Aymo IV of Montenach (documented 1326–36), prior of the Cluniac priory Payerne, baron of Montenach
      3. Johann von Montenach (documented 1328–40), Johanniter in France,
      4. Gerhard von Montenach (documented 1340–55), Johanniter in France
    2. Rudolf von Montenach (documented 1317–26), canon in Toul
    3. Wilhelm von Montenach (documented 1330), Cluniac in Hettiswil


literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ G. Studer: The Berner Chronik (chronik_justinger.pdf) . Ed .: KJ Wyss. 1871 ( biblio.unibe.ch [PDF; 31.1 MB ; accessed on August 29, 2018]).