Benjamin Bloom

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Benjamin Bloom

Benjamin Samuel Bloom (born February 21, 1913 in Lansford , Pennsylvania , † September 13, 1999 in Chicago ) was an American psychologist, educational scientist and 1965/66 the President of the American Educational Research Association .

Act

Bloom's parents immigrated to the United States from Russia to avoid anti-Semitic persecution. He graduated from Pennsylvania State College with a bachelor's and master's degree in 1935. He then went to the University of Chicago to study with Ralph Tyler, known for progressive education . He took part in its eight-year study, in which students were not graded as usual in schools. He received his PhD in 1942 and was a member of the University of Chicago Board of Examiners.

He paid particular attention to the research and description of learning and the associated learning theory . In 1956, Bloom led a group of psychologists at the University of Chicago that was developing a taxonomy of learning goals. He distinguished three main areas that should stimulate all learning: the cognitive , the affective and the psychomotor . He became known worldwide through the six-level taxonomy he developed for learning objectives in the cognitive learning area (knowledge and intellectual abilities), which was later expanded to include other learning objective dimensions together with David Krathwohl and others.

Learning objective taxonomy

Cognitive goals

  1. Knowledge
  2. Understand
  3. Apply
  4. analysis
  5. synthesis
  6. Evaluation

Affective goals

  1. Attention, notice
  2. React
  3. Values
  4. Structured structure of a value system
  5. Being fulfilled by a value or a value structure

Psychomotor goals

  1. imitation
  2. manipulation
  3. precision
  4. Plot structure
  5. Naturalization

The pedagogue Heinrich Roth developed a German four-level variant of the cognitive learning target levels in 1970. The nursing scientist Susanne Schewior-Popp has adapted the taxonomy of the learning objectives for nursing education in Germany.

Another area of ​​Bloom's research was talent research. In 1973 he received the Thorndike Award .

Fonts (selection)

  • Taxonomy of Educational Objectives , Allyn and Bacon, Boston 1956, Pearson Education 1984
  • Taxonomy of learning objectives in the cognitive area, 5th edition. Beltz Verlag, Weinheim 1976, ISBN 3-407-18296-1
  • with D. Krathwohl et al: Taxonomy of learning goals in the affective area , Weinheim, Beltz 1997 ISBN 978-3407510853 (Engl. 1972)
  • All Our Children Learning . New York: McGraw-Hill 1980
  • Developing Talent in Young People . New York: Ballantine Books 1985

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Susanne Schewior-Popp: Planning and designing learning situations. Action-oriented teaching in a learning field context, Thieme Stuttgart and New York, 2nd edition 2014, p. 56 f. Digitized Google Books excerpt

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Bloom, Benjamin
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bloom, Benjamin Samuel (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American psychologist
DATE OF BIRTH February 21, 1913
PLACE OF BIRTH Lansford , Pennsylvania
DATE OF DEATH September 13, 1999
Place of death Chicago