Heinrich Roth (pedagogue)

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Heinrich Roth (born March 1, 1906 in Gerstetten (Württemberg), † July 7, 1983 in Göttingen ) was a German psychologist, educator and university professor.

Life

Heinrich Roth grew up with relatives in Ulm, where he was strongly influenced by his (later leading) membership in a group of migrating birds . He was trained as a teacher in Künzelsau . Since he could not find a job at a school, he worked as a tutor from 1926 to 1928 while he was studying theology , philosophy and education in Erlangen . After graduating, he was a teacher at a school in Ulm until 1931. In the following two years he studied in Tübingen and dealt with Eduard Spranger , Aloys Fischer and Carl Schmitt . In 1933 he finished his studies with the state examination in high school teaching and the doctorate with developmental psychologist Oswald Kroh , a NSDAP member who brought him to empirical research. His second doctoral supervisor was Theodor Haering , also an enthusiastic National Socialist.

From 1934 to 1938 Roth worked as an army psychologist at the psychological test center in Munich of General Command VII. There he was soon able to devote himself to his studies in a leading position without questioning the National Socialist system, which was externally recognizable. He was involved in interrogations of prisoners of war for intelligence purposes. According to his own statement, Roth took the path of adaptation during National Socialism. In 1941 he joined the NSDAP, in 1943 he was drafted as a soldier.

In 1947 he returned to the Pedagogical Institute in Künzelsau as a lecturer and continued to work in Wuerttemberg in teacher training (Stuttgart and Esslingen). His publications during this time dealt primarily with the phenomenon of learning and memory, especially with questions about didactics in the classroom, about lively, discovery learning and questions about talent and “talent”. At the end of the 1940s he devoted himself to reforming teacher training and went on a seven-month study trip to the USA to get to know the local education system. On his return he devoted himself to a fundamental school reform, influenced by colleagues of his time such as Herman Nohl , Eduard Spanger, Wilhelm Flitner , Kurt Lewin , Max Wertheimer , Jean Piaget and John Dewey .

From 1956 to 1961 he was a professor at the University for International Educational Research in Frankfurt / M. His application for a chair at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University in Frankfurt , supported by Theodor W. Adorno and Max Horkheimer , was rejected.

In 1961 he was appointed to the Georg August University in Göttingen . There the empiricist was received with prejudice by his traditional colleagues. In order to overcome this, he expanded his approach in educational psychology to an educational anthropology , which focuses on the terms plasticity and determination.

Heinrich Roth died in Göttingen in 1983 and was buried at the church in Göttingen-Nikolausberg.

Services

Roth has been a member of the editorial team since the re-establishment of the GEW magazine Die Deutsche Schule . From 1966 to 1974 he was a member of the German Education Council and sat on the advisory board of the Max Planck Institute for Human Development .

Roth became known for his demand for a “ realistic turn ” in German educational science. Until then, German education primarily followed a humanities tradition. Roth now called for historical and philosophically oriented knowledge to be supplemented by empirical, i.e. empirical, methods. The methods of the humanities should not be replaced by this, since Roth considered them indispensable for a science related to norms such as pedagogy. This dual orientation was no longer represented in the succession. The reception of empirical social science methods, mostly from the USA, did not begin until the 1960s. Roth has presented a developmental pedagogy that is being taken up again in the current debate about competencies . It is about the dimensions of technical competence , methodological competence , personal and social competence .

The didactic grading of the requirement areas in reproduction - reorganization - transfer - problem solving goes back to Roth ( talent and learning ) , which is still used today in the uniform examination requirements in the Abitur examination (EPA) of the Standing Conference .

On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the German Society for Educational Science, a research award was to be named after Heinrich Roth in 2014. After some harsh criticism, the board of DGfE accepted the objections and awarded the research prize without adding a name to the educational researcher Eckhard Klieme .

Honors

Publications

Monographs

  • Soldierhood and nature, 1934
  • Child and History , 1955
  • Psychology and Education (with Josef Derbolav ), 1959
  • Youth and School between Reform and Restoration , 1961
  • The Realistic Twist in Educational Research. In: New Collection . Göttingen papers for culture and education. Vol. 2, 1962, pp. 481-490
  • Educational psychology of teaching and learning , 1957 to 1983, (16 ed.)
  • Education in an authoritarian or democratic way? 1965
  • Educational science, field of education and teacher training. (With Hans Thiersch ) 1967
  • Pedagogical Anthropology , Volume I ( plasticity and determination ): 1966 to 1984 (5 ed.), Volume II ( development and education ) 1971 to 1976 (2 ed.)

editor

  • Talent and learning. Results and conclusions of new research. Klett, Stuttgart, 1969 to 1980 (12 ed.)

literature

  • Waltraud Harth-Peter: The "realistic turn" in educational research. Heinrich Roth (1906–1983) and his relationship to humanities education. In: Brinkmann, W. / Harth-Peter, W. (Ed.): Freedom - History - Reason. With the collaboration of M. Böschen and F. Grell. Echter, Würzburg 1997
  • Dietrich Hoffmann: Bibliography Heinrich Roth , Max Traeger Foundation of the GEW, Frankfurt 1989
  • Dietrich Hoffmann:  Roth, Heinrich. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 22, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-428-11203-2 , p. 113 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Carolin Lehberger: The realistic twist in the work of Heinrich Roth , Dortmund 2009
  • Tanja Löffler: Art. Roth, Heinrich , in: Uwe Wolfradt, Elfriede Billmann-Mahecha, Armin Stock (eds.): German-speaking psychologists 1933–1945. An encyclopedia of persons, supplemented by a text by Erich Stern. 2nd updated edition, Springer, Wiesbaden 2017, ISBN 978-3-658-15039-6 , p. 375 f. in Google Book Search
  • Josef Speck (Hrsg.): History of the pedagogy of the 20th century. Volume 2. W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1978

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Title of Roth's dissertation: On the psychology of the youth group.
  2. ↑ MICHA BRUMLIK: A RESEARCH AWARD IS NAMED AFTER A NS PEDAGOGUE: The wrong example . In: The daily newspaper: taz . January 7, 2014, ISSN  0931-9085 , p. 16 ( taz.de [accessed on May 30, 2020]).
  3. ↑ Waltraud Harth-Peter: The "realistic turn" in educational research. Heinrich Roth (1906-1983) and his relationship to humanities education. In: Brinkmann, W. / Harth-Peter, W. (Ed.): Freedom - History - Reason. Basic lines of humanities education. Winfried Böhm on March 22, 1997. With the collaboration of M. Böschen and F. Grell. Echter, Würzburg 1997.
  4. ↑ Heinrich Roth: The realistic turn in educational research. In: Becker, H. / Blochmann, E. / Bollnow, OF / Heimpel, E. / Wagenschein, M. (Ed.): New collection. Göttingen papers for culture and education. 2nd year Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1962
  5. ↑ Micha Brumlik: A research award is named after a Nazi educator: The wrong role model - taz.de. January 7, 2014, accessed November 27, 2018 .
personal data
SURNAME Roth, Heinrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German development educator
DATE OF BIRTH March 1, 1906
PLACE OF BIRTH Gerstetten (Württemberg)
DATE OF DEATH July 7, 1983
Place of death Goettingen