David Krathwohl

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David Reading Krathwohl (born May 14, 1921 in Chicago , † October 13, 2016 in Glen Ellyn ) was an American educational psychologist and educational scientist. He taught at Michigan State University and was President of the American Educational Research Association in 1968-69 .

life and work

He served in the US Army during World War II and then graduated from the University of Chicago with an MS and Ph.D. His mentor was Benjamin Bloom , on whose Taxonomy of Educational Objectives he worked. He later followed him as Hannah Hammond Professor of Education Emeritus at Syracuse University, New York State . He was the director of the Educational Research Department at Michigan State University.

Both worked on the definition and analysis of categories and dimensions of knowledge : factual knowledge , concept knowledge , Procedural knowledge , metacognitive knowledge. In 2001 Krathwohl helped rethink the interactions between the cognitive process and the cognitive content. The Bloom 'taxonomy different cognitive process in six different categories: remember, understand, analyze, apply, evaluate, synthesize . Krathwohl renamed the interchangeable levels of Evaluation and Synthesis together to create (eng. Produce, create ). This has been further developed in the theory of competences in pedagogy.

Independently of Bloom, he developed the affective learning target domain, which he assigns to the principle of internalization , a process whereby “a person's feeling towards an object goes from a general awareness to a level of awareness at which the feeling is internalized and, consistently, the person's behavior directs or controls ”. This taxonomy is divided into five levels: receiving, responding, valuing, organization, characterization (German for example: observance, reacting, appreciation, building a value system, being fulfilled by a value).

Affective learning goals , such as appreciation of literature or rejection of exclusion, are, in contrast to cognitive ones, less plannable and cannot be enforced. Nevertheless, they are among the top educational goals everywhere .

Fonts

  • with Lorin W. Anderson (ed.): A taxonomy for learning, teaching, and assessing: A revision of Bloom's taxonomy of educational objectives . New York: Longman 2001.
  • Methods of Educational & Social Science Research: An Integrated Approach , 2nd ed., New York: Longman 1998
  • with B. Bloom et al: Taxonomy of learning goals in the affective area , Beltz 1997 ISBN 978-3407510853 (English 1972)
  • with B. Bloom et al: Taxonomy of educational objectives: The classification of educational goals . Handbook I: Cognitive domain . New York, Toronto: Longmans, Green 1956.

Single receipts

  1. ^ A German takeover by Christoph Kühberger : Conceptual knowledge as a special basis for historical learning , in: Kühberger (ed.): Historisches Wissen , Schwalbach 2012, p. 33ff. ISBN 978-389974761-4
  2. ↑ Ulrich Baumgärtner: Guide to History Didactics: Historical Learning in School . UTB, 2015, ISBN 978-3-8252-4399-9 ( google.de [accessed June 7, 2020]).
  3. ↑ https://www.praxisausbildung.hsa.fhnw.ch/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Workshop-02-Merkblatt_Taxonomiestufen.pdf
  4. ^ Krathwohl's affective domain taxonomy. Retrieved June 6, 2020 .
  5. ↑ HBZ table of contents
personal data
SURNAME Krathwohl, David
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Krathwohl, David Reading (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American psychologist and educationalist
DATE OF BIRTH May 14, 1921
PLACE OF BIRTH Chicago
DATE OF DEATH October 13, 2016
Place of death Glen Ellyn