Amber Circle

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The Bernstein Circle is one of the longest running research groups in the field of movement science in Germany. The circle was founded in 1971 at the Institute for Sports Science at the University of Greifswald . His name refers to the movement scientist Nikolai Alexandrowitsch Bernstein . The circle cultivates Bernstein's legacy, cooperates internationally in the context of sports science and has dealt intensively with questions of coordination and coordinative skills . In 1988, under his key co-organization, the world's first international conference on amber was held in Trassenheide (GDR), many years before similar activities and appreciations of Bernstein were recorded in the USA, Western Europe and Russia.

founding

On January 16, 1971, it was founded as a scientific student circle by senior assistant Peter Hirtz and the students H. Rübesamen and H. Wagner at the Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University of Greifswald. In 1975, the research group was given the name of the Russian physiologist, biomechanic and movement scientist "Nikolai Alexandrowitsch Bernstein". This honor for Bernstein in 1975 in the GDR was extraordinary and at that time it was neither common nor possible in the Soviet Union, as Bernstein was made in the 1940s and 50s because of his views on human movement and especially his scientific controversy with Ivan Petrovich Pavlov politically persecuted and deprived of his job opportunities for many years. In this respect, the naming can be seen as one of the first significant signals of positive treatment of this world-famous and now highly respected scientist.

Members and Cooperations

The circle currently has around 110 members and is an association of professors, doctors, doctoral students, post-doctoral candidates, sports teachers, trainers, sports therapists, academic staff and students. In addition to national cooperation partners (e.g. from medicine, students from other sports science institutions and practice partners), there are international contacts, particularly with Eastern European researchers and institutions. The circle has eight honorary members: Lewan W. Tschaidze, a student of Bernstein ( Tbilisi / Moscow); Günter Schnabel (Leipzig), Wlodzimierz Starosta (Warsaw), Wladimir I. Ljach (Moscow), Arturo Hotz (Switzerland), Werner Dietrich ( Berlin / Travemünde - exp.), Dolf-Dietram Blume (Leipzig), Hans-Joachim Arndt (sports teacher; Kellers), Bernd Ludwig (Berlin) and Wolfgang Bartels (Greifswald).

Importance and tasks

The decisive co-organization of two international amber conferences, the cultivation of the heritage, as well as the establishment and maintenance of contacts to students and family members of Bernstein, make the circle appear as a central institution for early appreciation and processing of Bernstein's work. The main focus of the research was and is in the area of ​​sports motor skills. The investigations into the coordination and coordinative abilities of sporting and everyday movements received special attention . In the 1980s, Peter Hirtz's scientific team developed a system of skills especially for school sports, which is still valid today in theory and practice. With extensive tests and examinations with several thousand students in some cases, five key skills were evaluated. These are the ability to balance , react, orientate , kinesthetic differentiation and rhythm. In addition, the circle carried out extensive translation work from Russian.

Chronicle and activities

After it was founded in 1971, the circle went public with various scientific activities that specifically focused on school sports. In 1973 the first international scientific conference organized by him on the subject of physical education in younger school age took place in Binz (Rügen) with a special focus on training coordination and athletic dexterity. In 1974 a large-scale examination was carried out on almost 3,000 children in Greifswald, Stralsund, Kellers, Pleißa, Teetzleben and Wolgast. On January 14, 1975, the circle was given the name NA Bernstein with the consent and support of Bernstein's most famous employee and student, Lewan W. Tschaidse . From 1975, the focus was on studies and long-term experiments with annual tests (until 1984 with 180 pupils) on motor development in young school children, adolescents, young adults and senior citizens in the towns of Kellers, Rambin and Greifswald. In October 1982 Prof. Tschaidse visited the facility in Greifswald. One of the highlights of the circle activities in 1988 was the co-organization of the 1st International Bernstein Conference in Trassenheide on the subject of current sports motor research in the light of the teachings of NA Bernstein . From 1988 to 1994, the focus of work was on the interdisciplinary Greifswald longitudinal and cross-sectional study on the subject of motor skills - structure and development . About 3000 test persons were recorded in over 100 variables of the motor coordination skills. The following main research areas have been identified since 1989: coordinative-motor development; the role of biological age and cognitive processes; the degree of coordination skills in children with motor impairments and elderly people; motor skills and the further development of motor tests and diagnostic procedures. In 1993 the circle hosted the conference of the German Association for Sports Science . V. in Trassenheide on the topic of motor development in the discussion . In 1996 the 2nd International Amber Conference took place in Zinnowitz (Usedom). In 2011 the circle celebrated its 40th anniversary.

literature

  • Nikolai Alexandrowitsch Bernstein: Movement Physiology . (Eds. Lothar Pickenhain, Günter Schnabel). Johann Ambrosius Barth, Leipzig 1975/1988 (1st and 2nd ed.).
  • Peter Hirtz u. a .: Coordinative skills in school sports . People and Knowledge, Berlin 1985.
  • Peter Hirtz, Rilo Pöhlmann (Red.): Current sports motor research in the light of the teachings of NA Bernstein [special issue]. In: Theory and Practice of Physical Culture . 38 vol., Supplement 2, 1989.
  • Peter Hirtz, Franco Nüske (Ed.): Movement coordination and athletic performance viewed integratively. 2nd Bernstein Conference and 2nd joint symposium of the dvs sections Biomechanics, Sports Motor Skills and Training Science from 25-27.9.1996 in Zinnowitz. Czwalina, Hamburg 1997, ISBN 3-88020-305-9 .
  • Gudrun and Bernd Ludwig (eds.): Coordinative skills - coordinative skills . University Library, Kassel 2002, ISBN 3-89792-086-7 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ cf. Hirtz, 1995, p. 3.
  2. ↑ a b Hirtz u. a., 1985.
  3. ↑ cf. Ludwig / Ludwig, 2002.
  4. ↑ Hirtz, Pöhlmann, 1989.
  5. ↑ Hirtz, Nüske, 1997.

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