Kreuzbergstrasse depot

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Depot XIV Kreuzbergstrasse , between 1890 and 1897

The Kreuzbergstrasse depot (short name since around 1935: Kreuz ) was a depot for the Berlin tram . The courtyard, which opened in 1883 as station XIV for the Great Berlin Horse Railway (GBPfE), was converted for electrical operation around the turn of the century and closed after its destruction as a result of a bombing in 1944. The site was cleared later and is currently (as of 2016) used by a primary school.

history

The farm was located on the property at Kreuzbergstrasse 16-18 at the corner of Großbeerenstrasse . The Berlin building police issued the GBPfE with the building permit on August 8, 1883. This included the permit to build a multi-storey stable , a carriage hall, a forge and a toilet building . The shell was accepted on October 26, 1883. Two ramps, each 13.5 meters long, through which the draft horses reached the upper floor, were approved by the construction police in November of the same year. At the end of 1883 the depot was largely completed. An administration building approved in October, however, was not implemented. The farm was intended for the provision of horses and wagons on the routes Kreuzberg - Gesundbrunnen, Kreuzberg - Friedrichstraße / corner of Behrenstraße, Kreuzberg - Demminer Straße and Gneisenaustraße - Moabit.

After the completion of the high-rise buildings, measures were taken to lower the groundwater in the spring of 1884, and the forge at the northern end of the wagon hall went into operation around this time. In August 1884, the GBPfE also set up a locksmith's shop in the rear . In 1886 the courtyard was expanded for the first time, for which the GBPfE included the neighboring property at Kreuzbergstrasse 19-20. On April 1, 1886, the company applied for the construction of a second floor stall, the acceptance of which took place on September 10, 1886. In the same year, the construction of a second carriage hall and the enlargement of the forge began as a result of the increased number of horses. When it was expanded in 1890, yard XIV comprised two wagon halls with a capacity of 100 wagons and two multi-storey stalls for around 500 horses. These were supplemented by outbuildings such as forge, locksmith's shop and dung pit. In 1891 the massive gable front of the younger wagon hall was replaced by a wooden panel, as the passages were too small during construction. 1893 GBPfE let the property fence , the following year was an office building. The half-timbered building is said to have been on the Dresden train station before.

On the occasion of the Berlin trade fair in 1896 , the GBPfE switched the first lines to electrical operation, followed in 1898 by the decision to fully electrify and rename the Great Berlin Tram (GBS). In 1897, the company applied for the construction of four work pits for electrical operation, and in 1898 it was approved to build two new car halls for 45 and 72 cars. The old systems of the horse tram should give way for this. The first carriage hall and the associated horse stable were demolished in the summer of 1898, the shell of the new hall was completed at the end of the same year . Their acceptance was on May 12, 1899. The demolition of the second horse-drawn railway hall was completed in December 1899, so that the new carriage hall could not be completed until the following year. In the same year, GBS had a three-story residential and administrative building built.

After further additions, the farm had a capacity of around 200 cars. After the expansion of the route network into the suburbs, the courtyard was in a relatively central location after 1920. It was therefore intended as the home station of the ring lines 1 (city ring), 2 (station ring) and 3 (big ring). From around 1935 the farm was known as the cross . During the Second World War , the tram was used for freight transport. For this purpose, there was a ramp at Hof Kreuz for loading the goods into the sidecar .

By air strikes of the station suffered serious damage, which is why the Berlin Transport Authority (BVG) joined him on 30 January 1944 the streetcar enterprise. Since 1949, the BVG catenary maintenance department has been on the farm premises. She had Hall 2 partially restored in 1952; workshops and storage rooms were set up in it. In 1960, Berlin's finance and property management took over the property from BVG. Two sheds burned down in a fire in 1971, the remaining high-rise buildings were demolished in 1974/1975. A school building was built over the site a short time later . The Charlotte Salomon Primary School is located here.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Arne Hengsbach: The horse station on Kreuzbergstrasse . In: Berliner Verkehrsblätter . Issue 7, 1978, pp. 132-134 .
  2. ^ A b Siegfried Münzinger: The depots of the Berlin trams . In: Berliner Verkehrsblätter . Volume 6, 1969, pp. 89-103 .
  3. ↑ The use of cars on the Berlin tram lines in 1928 and 1937 . In: Berliner Verkehrsblätter . Issue 12, 1972, p. 168-169 .
  4. ↑ a b From the horse train station to the school yard. Charlotte Salomon Elementary School, accessed January 11, 2016 .

Coordinates: 52 ° 29 ′ 26 ″  N , 13 ° 22 ′ 54 ″  E