Movement culture

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Movement culture is a generic term for all movement arts - even those that are not, like sport, out to be compared and outdone. The term is cross-cultural and cross-epoch. Movement scientist Claus Tiedemann has made a more recent proposal for a definition : “Movement culture is a field of activity in which people deal with their nature and environment and consciously develop, shape and present their physical abilities and skills in order to gain significant individual or joint benefits and enjoyment. "

Definition of culture of movement

According to Fietze, movement culture is the practiced movement of the body, designed according to rules, as an expression of social or spiritual identity . It is a civilizational condicio sine qua non . A culture of movement is carried by people from different groups or social classes of both sexes and is probably as old as humanity itself.

Movement culture is based on a staging of the body that does not arise from any economic necessity, but is of personal and social importance. It can be practiced both with the aim of social demarcation and with the aim of social integration . It can be decisively supported by rhythm and music . Verbal communication plays a subordinate role here. Speech is usually reduced to the essentials or replaced by signals .

Forms of western movement culture are sport , games , physical exercises ( gymnastics , gymnastics , fitness , drills ), dance , ballet , pantomime , circus dance , etiquette and processions . Work, handicrafts and locomotion are not yet a culture of movement in themselves, but individual aspects of it when they are further developed into ritualized movement sequences or certain movement styles.

These stagings of the body have creative, competitive, entertaining, but also meaningful, moral and aesthetic elements. If movement arts are performed as a performance (sacrifice) for the gods, as was the case in antiquity, movement culture has a sacred character. This also applies to the Asian martial arts, which come from a religious environment.

meaning

In contrast to sport, movement culture has a different focus. She wants to give space to both external and internal movement. The body is not only the instrument of performance, but body awareness and body experience become the real issue. The focus is first on the experience , then on success. In this way, the human being reaches self-development through movement . In this respect, the culture of exercise deviates from the goals of competitive and popular sports .

literature

  • Knut Dietrich (Ed.): Culture of movement as an object of sports science. Sports science department at the University of Hamburg. In-house publication 1995.
  • Knut Dietrich (Ed.): How Societies Create Movement Culture and Sport. Institute of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Copenhagen 2001.
  • Knut Dietrich (Ed.): Socialization and the Social Change in Movement Culture and Sport. Institute of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Copenhagen 2002.
  • Henning Eichberg : “Perform, heal, celebrate. On the anthropology of the culture of movement. ”In: Herbert Anacker & Klaus Moegling (Ed.): The human movement. Prologue, Kassel 1995.
  • Eugen König and Ronald Lutz (eds.): Culture of movement. Approaches to a critical anthropology of the body. Academia, Sankt Augustin 1995.
  • Christiane Eisenberg: "English Sports" and German citizens. A history of society 1800–1939. Schöningh, Paderborn, Munich, Vienna, Zurich 1999.
  • Katharina Fietze: "Old and new movement cults of women." In: Dagmar von Hoff, Inge Stephan, Ulrike Vedder (eds.): Women in literary studies. Universität Hamburg, Rundbrief 47, Sport und Kult, April 1996, pp. 4-6.
  • Katharina Fietze: "Definition of sport and movement culture." In: Katharina Fietze: In Diana's entourage. Women and courtly hunting in the Middle Ages (1200–1500). Böhlau, Cologne, Weimar, Vienna 2005, pp. 7-10.
  • Katharina Fietze: "Sports history women's research." In: Norbert Gissel, Joachim K. Rühl, Hans Joachim Teichler (eds.): Sport as science. (Writings of the German Association for Sports Science 90). Czwalina, Hamburg 1997, pp. 121-132.
  • Meyer's little lexicon sport. Ed. Meyers Lexikonredaktion in cooperation with Herbert Haag. Meyers, Mannheim, Vienna, Zurich 1987.
  • Peter Röthig: "Sport." In: Peter Röthig; Robert Prohl et al. a. (Ed.): Sports science lexicon. (Contributions to teaching and research in sport 49/50). 7th edition. Hofmann, Schorndorf 2003, pp. 493–495.
  • Günter Schnabel, Günter Thiess: Lexicon of sports science. Performance - training - competition. 2 volumes. Berlin 1993.
  • IDO - Ruch dla Kultury / Movement for Culture , Rzeszów (Poland) 2001 ff.

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