Biblia Hebraica

This article deals with special publications of the Hebrew Bible / Tanakh , which are based on the original texts. For further meaning see Biblia Hebraica (disambiguation)

Under the name of Biblia Hebraica were textual concise editions of the Tanakh (also Hebrew Bible published), in particular the needs of historical-critical biblical studies should take into account. In addition to early editions , various editions appeared under the umbrella of Protestant Bible Societies since the beginning of the 20th century . Initially on the basis of the Mikraot Gedolot , the second rabbinical bible by Jacob ben Chaijim from 1524, and without Masoretic marginal notes (BHK ¹ and BHK ² ), since the 3rd edition of the Kittelbibel (BHK ³ , beginning of publication 1929) on the basis of the Codex Petropolitanus / Leningradensis B 19 ^A (Codex L) from the Russian National Library St. Petersburg and with Masoretic marginal notes. Since 1951 (initially in reprints of BHK ³ ), the Dead Sea Scrolls , which are about 1000 years older than Codex L , have been gradually taken into account in the text-critical apparatus .

Editions of the Biblia Hebraica

Early editions of the Biblia Hebraica (selection)

Johann Heinrich Michaelis , Biblia Hebraica, Hall 1720

• Ḥumash neviʾim ketuvim ; Jacob ben Hayyim ben Isaac ibn Adonijah; Venice, Bomberg; 1526 (also known as the Hebrew Textus Receptus);
• Torah Neviʾim u-Khetuvim ; Leusden, Johannes; Amstelodamum : Athias, 1667;
• Biblia Hebraica ; ex recensione Danielis Ernesti Jablonski; Jablonski, Daniel E. [Ed.]; Berolini : 1699;
• עשרים וארבע ספרי הקדש( ʿÄśrīm we-arbaʿ sifrē haq-qodäš ) sive Biblia Hebraica , ex aliquot manuscriptis et compluribus impressis codicibus, item Masora tam edita, qvam manuscripta, aliisque Hebraeorum criticis diligenter recensita; Johann Heinrich Michaelis , Halae : Orphanotrophei , 1720 (see the title page opposite);
• Torah Neviʾim u-Khetuvim ; secundum editionem Belgicam Everardi van der Hooght collatis aliis bonae notae codicibus una cum versione Latina Sebastiani Schmidii; Biblia Hebraica; Schmidt, Sebastian; Lipsiae : Deer, 1740;
• Biblia hebraica ; secundum ultimam editionem Jos. Athiae, a Johanne Leusden denuo recognitam, recensita variisque notis ltinis illustrata from Everardo van der Hooght; Athias, Joseph; Philadelphiæ : Cura et impensis Thomæ Dobson edita ex ædibus lapideis; 1814.

Biblia Hebraica (smock) (BHK)

→ Main article : Biblia Hebraica (smock)

The first three editions of the Biblia Hebraica (in the narrower sense) were published by the Hebraist Rudolf Kittel (the last of which is often simply quoted as Biblia Hebraica Kittel or BHK; more precisely BHK ³ ).

Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (BHS)

→ Main article : Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia

Psalm 1, verses 1 and 2 according to the Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, with Teamim . OT

The following edition was the Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (BHS) , published in numerous editions on behalf of the German Bible Society in Stuttgart by Karl Elliger (1901–1977) and Wilhelm Rudolph , which was first published in successive issues between 1967 and 1977. The reason for the name change was the complete revision of the text critical apparatus and the critical, complete surrender of Masora parva on the edge of the text along with the system of references to the Masora magna of the Codex L . Like the BHK, the BHS adopts the Masoretic text of the Codex Leningradensis / Petropolitanus (L), which, as far as is known, is "the oldest dated manuscript of the complete Hebrew Bible". In contrast to Codex L, in the BHS the books 1. / 2. Chronicle are placed at the end of the canon .

Biblia Hebraica Quinta (BHQ)

→ Main article : Biblia Hebraica Quinta

Since 2004, under the name of Biblia Hebraica Quinta parts (BHQ) published a new edition that additional textual variants (u. A. The non-orthographic variants of the so-called. Qumran manuscripts ) and the Masora parva and Masora magna of the Codex L included. In line with the importance of the edition in the global scientific community, the standard language for explanations is now English (introductions also in German and Spanish).

Chronology of publications (BHK, BHS, BHQ)

• 1905-06: The first edition of the Biblia Hebraica (Kittel) , BHK ¹ , based on the Textus receptus by Ben Chajim , appears in individual deliveries, the main editor is Rudolf Kittel .
• 1906: Publication of the one-volume edition of BHK ¹ .
• 1909–13: The second edition of the Biblia Hebraica (ed. Kittel), BHK ² ( editio altera ), still based on the Textus receptus by Ben Chajim , but with a revised text-critical apparatus, appears in individual deliveries.
• 1913: Publication of the one-volume edition of BHK ² ( editio altera ).
• 1925: The Württembergische Bibelanstalt in Stuttgart takes over the Biblia Hebraica (2nd edition).
• 1929–1937: The 3rd edition of the Kittel Biblia Hebraica ( editio tertia , BHK ³ ) , edited by Rudolf Kittel († 1929), Otto Eißfeldt , Albrecht Alt and Paul Kahle , appears in individual deliveries based on the Ben-Ascher Text (in the form of the manuscript B19 ^{A of} the Leningrad Public Library at that time, the “Manuscript L” from 1008 AD).
• 1937: Publication of the one-volume edition of BHK ³ ( editio tertia ).
• 1945, 1949, 1950: Unchanged reprints of the 1937 edition (counted as 4th to 6th edition)
• 1951: Reprint of BHK ³ , expanded to 1QJes ^a and 1QpHab by apparatus (counted as the 7th edition)
• 1952–1973: Further unchanged reprints of BHK ³ from 1937 with the additions from 1951 (counted as 8th – 16th edition).
• 1967–1977: The fundamentally revised Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (BHS), edited by Karl Elliger , Wilhelm Rudolph and Gérard E. Weil, again based on the “Handschrift L” (Codex Leningradensis) , appears in individual deliveries.
• 1977: Publication of the one-volume edition of the BHS, the fourth version of the series of Bible editions founded by Kittel.
• 1983, 1987, 1990: Reprints of the BHS, corrected for a few printing errors (2nd – 4th edition)
• 1997: Last revision of the BHS by Hans Peter Rüger and Adrian Schenker , expanded to include an English and German key to Latin words and abbreviations written by HP Rüger (counted as the 5th edition of the BHS).
• since 2004: publication of the turn, based on the handwriting L ( "M ^L ") completely revised Biblia Hebraica Quinta (BHQ) in single deliveries (see below).

Current issues of the BHS / BHQ

• Complete edition: Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (BHS), fifth, improved edition from 1997, e.g. B. bound hand edition ( ISBN 978-3-438-05218-6 ) or paperback study edition ( ISBN 3-438-05222-9 )
• Partial deliveries of the Biblia Hebraica Quinta (in paperboard), in the order of their appearance: 1. Megilloth (Fasc. 18, 2004), ISBN 978-3-438-05278-0 ; 2. Ezra and Nehemiah (Fasc. 20, 2006), ISBN 978-3-438-05280-3 ; 3. Deuteronomy (Fasc. 5, 2007), ISBN 978-3-438-05265-0 ; 4. Proverbs (Fasc. 17, 2008), ISBN 978-3-438-05277-3 ; 5. The twelve minor Prophets (Fasc. 13, 2010), ISBN 978-3-438-05273-5 ; 6. Judges (Fasc. 7, 2011), ISBN 978-3-438-05267-4 ; 7th Genesis (Fasc. 1, 2015), ISBN 978-3-438-05261-2 , 8th job (Fasc. 16, planned for 2020), ISBN 978-3-438-05276-6

Remarks

1. ↑ Scientific Bible editions. German Bible Society, accessed on February 10, 2016 . 
2. ^ Biblia Hebraica Quinta (BHQ). German Bible Society, accessed on February 10, 2016 . 
3. ↑ cf. German Bible Society for the BHK
4. ↑ BHS, 1997 ⁵ , p. V
5. ^ German Bible Society: Biblia Hebraica Quinta Hiob. In: die-bibel.de. Retrieved October 15, 2019 . 

Web links

• German Bible Society Stuttgart
• Bibelarchiv-Vegelahn , Hebrew Bible translations
• Full text of the BHS
• Presentation of the BHQ with edition plan
• Background information about the BHS