Binissafullet
| Binissafullet Poblat talaiòtic de Binissafullet | |||
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 View from the taula to the talayot |
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Location in Menorca |
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| Coordinates | 39 ° 50 '44.8 " N , 4 ° 14' 5.7" E | ||
| place | Sant Lluís , Balearic Islands , Spain | ||
| Emergence | 1000 to 123 BC Chr. | ||
| Dimensions | 86 m × 72 m | ||
| height | 80 m | ||
Binissafullet (also Binissafullet Nou , full name Poblat talaiòtic de Binissafullet , "Talaiotic village of Binissafullet") is an archaeological site on the Spanish Balearic island of Menorca . The settlement, which is assigned to the Iron Age talayot culture , is located in the municipality of Sant Lluís in the southeast of the island.
location
Binissafullet is two kilometers west of Sant Lluís and about five kilometers south of the city center of the island's capital, Maó . The site of the former talayotic settlement is freely accessible. Display boards of the Xarxa Menorca Monumental give the visitor information about the site.
history
The settlement began in the late Bronze Age in the 10th century BC. It reached its heyday in the 4th and 3rd centuries BC. However, excavation finds show that it was still inhabited during the Islamic period. In 1988 the trees in the area of the settlement were cut down. In 1990 parts of the settlement of Lluís Plantalamor (* 1949) were excavated and reconstructed. The overturned taula was straightened up again. The small finds are now in the Museu de Menorca .
Binissafullet is protected as an archaeological monument ( Monument arqueològic ). The current registration number at the Spanish Ministry of Culture is RI-55-0000819.
description
Binissafullet is not particularly large at around 6000 m², but still has all the essential elements that are typical of a Talayotic settlement - the talayot , a mostly round tower after which the culture got its name, a place of worship with a taula made of two T. -shaped stacked stone blocks, the remains of a Hypostylos room, foundation walls of residential houses, part of the megalithic protective wall and sitjots for collecting and storing rainwater.
The talayot, located in the center of the settlement on a hill, from the top of which one could previously see the towers of the Torellonet Vell settlement , has the shape of a truncated cone with a circular cross-section and a diameter of 15 m at its base. Since it was used in the past to extract stones for the production of gravel, it is in a poor state of preservation and only reaches a height of 2.80 m. A hypostylos hall, up to five meters wide, the southern part of which has been preserved with three columns supporting a roof made of flat stone slabs, leans directly against the east side of the talayot.
In the western part of the settlement, the Taula sanctuary was excavated in 1990, which was built in the 4th and 3rd centuries BC. Was used for cultic purposes. It deviates from the usual horseshoe shape , as we know it from other Talayotic settlements, and rather has a square floor plan with rounded corners. The supporting monolith of the taula stands on a stone base , which is bordered on both sides by two other stones, a unique feature in Menorca. The stone has a height of 3.03 m, is 1.16 m wide and 41 cm thick. The capstone is 1.95 m long, 88 cm wide and between 45 and 47 cm thick. Two fireplaces were found in the area of the taula. The excavation also unearthed numerous pieces of Punic amphorae and talayotic pottery, as well as the bones of lambs and kids, suggesting rituals involving wine and animal sacrifices .
To the north of the talayot there is a nine-meter-long section of the former protective wall made of large stone blocks. There are also two water storage basins (sitjots) connected by a canal, which are carved 1.20 m deep into the rock, as well as the foundation walls of some houses.
Nomination for the UNESCO World Heritage List
Binissafullet is one of the 32 archaeological sites that Spain officially proposed on January 14, 2016 as " Talayotic culture of Menorca " for inclusion in the UNESCO World Heritage List . The World Heritage Committee postponed the application at its 41st meeting in July 2017 and requested improvements.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Poblado de Binissafullet on the official website of the Menorca Biosphere Reserve (Spanish), accessed on March 25, 2015.
- ↑ a b c d Binissafullet talayotic settlement on the Menorca Talayótica website, accessed on March 25, 2015.
- ↑ Corinna Kortemeier: Reconstruction of the prehistoric settlement and landscape development on Menorca (Balearic Islands / Spain) (PDF; 11.4 MB), dissertation, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , Kiel 2014.
- ↑ Information board of the Xarxa Menorca Monumental at the site.
- ↑ Ferran Lagarda i Mata: Binissafullet (Taulas) on the website www.arqueoguia.com (English), accessed on November 7, 2015.
- ↑ Talayotic Culture of Minorca , on the Spanish tentative list at UNESCO (English), accessed on October 28, 2017.
- ↑ World Heritage Committee (Ed.): List of nominations received by February 1, 2016 and for examination by the World Heritage Committee at its 41st session (2017) . (English, unesco.org [PDF; 427 kB ]).
- ↑ World Heritage Committee (Ed.): Decisions adopted during the 41st session of the World Heritage Committee (Krakow, 2017) . (English, unesco.org [PDF; 4.5 MB ]).