Bismuth

Structural formula
General
Surname	Bismuth
other names	Hydrogen bismuth Bismuth hydrogen
Molecular formula	BiH 3
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 18288-22-7 PubChem 9242 Wikidata Q425258
properties
Molar mass	212.0 g mol −1
Physical state	gaseous
density	9.3 kg m −3
boiling point	16.8 ° C (extrapolated)
safety instructions
GHS hazard labeling no classification available
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Bismuthine , BiH ₃ , also Bismutwasserstoff or bismuth hydrogen called, is a little resistant, gaseous hydrogen compound of the element bismuth .

Extraction / representation

The older literature claims that bismuthane can be made from magnesium bismuthide using hydrochloric acid:

${\displaystyle \mathrm {Mg_{3}Bi_{2}+6\ HCl\longrightarrow 2\ BiH_{3}+3\ MgCl_{2}} }$

Traces of it are also said to be formed by the reaction of elemental bismuth with hydrochloric acid and magnesium .

The only two reliable works on bismuth are that of Amberger and Bürger:

In this work, bismuthane was represented by dismutation of methylbismutane as follows.

${\displaystyle \mathrm {3\ MeBiH_{2}\longrightarrow \ BiMe_{3}+2\ BiH_{3}} }$

this can be obtained from methyldichlorobismutane

${\displaystyle \mathrm {2\ MeBiCl_{2}+LiAlH_{4}\longrightarrow \ 2\ MeBiH_{2}+LiAlCl_{4}} }$

properties

Bismutane is very unstable (it has a high positive standard enthalpy of formation of +278 kJ / mol) and decomposes into bismuth and hydrogen at room temperature .

proof

As with arsenic and antimony hydrogen , the formation of bismuthane can be detected by passing the gas through a heated glass tube and observing the formation of a metal mirror. The bismuth level is insoluble in an ammonium polysulfide solution .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ webelements.com (bismuthane)
2. ^ AF Holleman , E. Wiberg , N. Wiberg : Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry . 102nd edition. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-11-017770-1 .
3. ↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
4. ↑ W. Jerzembeck, H. citizens L. Constantin L. Margules, J. Demaison, J. Breidung, W. Thiel (2002). "Bismuthine BiH3: Fact or Fiction? High-Resolution Infrared, Millimeter-Wave, and Ab Initio Studies". Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 41 (14): 2550-2552.