Blue House (Breisach)

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The blue house

The Blue House in Breisach am Rhein has been a memorial and educational center for the history of the Jews on the Upper Rhine since 2003 . It is the former parish hall of the Jewish community in Breisach. In March 2004, it was approved by the Memorial Foundation of Baden-Wuerttemberg for " Monument of the Month " appointed.

history

The building is documented in 1691 as the St. Peter's restaurant. It is in the northeast of the city, where more Jews settled at the time. In the 18th century, Breisach was one of the largest and most important Jewish communities in Baden and from 1827 to 1885 the seat of a district rabbinate . After the Breisach synagogue was built in 1804, the Blue House was acquired in 1829 and converted into a denominational school and used as such from 1835 to 1876. After that it was a Jewish hospital for the poor and then, until the Holocaust, the parish hall and apartment of the cantor . From 1893 to 1898, when the garrison was being built , parts of it were housed in the probably rented Blue House. When the synagogue was destroyed in the November pogroms in 1938 , a prayer room was set up on the upper floor and could be used for two years. A memorial commemorates the destruction of the synagogue. On October 22, 1940, the last 50 Jews were deported to the Gurs camp in southwestern France as part of the Wagner-Bürckel campaign . Under the National Socialists , Judengasse was renamed Rheintorstrasse. The building of the destroyed community went to the Gugel-Werke Freiburg. It was not until 1953 that the building was returned to its rightful owners, the Council of the Israelites in Baden . Since they had no use for it, it was sold to private in 1955. The “Friends of the Former Jewish Community Center e. V. “acquired the building in mid-2000. Between 2002 and 2005, schoolchildren and students from several countries uncovered the foundations of the cellar as part of the Action Reconciliation Peace Services work camp. The name Blue House comes from the paint of the same color from 2003, which, however, has no historical model. In the same year the Blue House was officially inaugurated.

As part of the excavation of the foundations, the original subsoil was also exposed and it turned out that it is parts of the city wall from the 14th century. The old city wall was released for building by Louis XIV to the French king after the Peace of Westphalia , as he protected the city with new fortifications by Vauban . Part of the vaults of the cellar is the arch of a bridge that led across the moat to the old city wall.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Breisach Jewish history
  2. ↑ Memorial sites for the victims of National Socialism. A documentation, Vol. I, Bonn 1995, ISBN 3-89331-208-0 , p. 27f.
  3. ↑ The Blue House in Breisach am Rhein - Former Jewish community center. Gedenkstaetten-bw.de, accessed on November 15, 2016 .

Web links

Coordinates: 48 ° 2 ′ 1.5 ″  N , 7 ° 34 ′ 41.9 ″  E