Synagogue (Breisach am Rhein)

Judengasse with synagogue (with arched windows)

Monument on Synagogenplatz

The last synagogue in Breisach am Rhein , a town on the Upper Rhine in the Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald district ( Baden-Württemberg ), was built around 1830/40 and burned down in 1938. The synagogue stood at the intersection of Judengasse, now Rheintorstrasse, and Synagogengasse, now Synagogenplatz. The associated parish hall is the Blue House , in which the prayer room was set up after the synagogue was destroyed.

history

The first evidence of a synagogue is the "Judenschule" mentioned in 1533, it was located in Schulgasse on the western edge of the upper town. In the 16th century there were no Jews living in the city, so it cannot be proven whether it was a prayer house from before 1349 or not until 1400.

The next evidence of a synagogue is from around 1680, as it is listed in a complaint by the guilds about the increase in the number of Jews in the city ( la Synagogue nouvellement Erigée à Brisac ). When Breisach was destroyed in 1793, it burned down.

In 1803 and 1804 a new synagogue was built, which was replaced by a new building around 1830/40 because it was too small and dilapidated. This new synagogue was then rebuilt and enlarged around 1870/75.

During the November pogrom in 1938 , SA men coming from Freiburg im Breisgau burned down the synagogue. A little later the ruin had to be demolished at the expense of the Jewish community in Breisach .

Commemoration

On May 20, 1959, a memorial stone was inaugurated at Klösterle, which was renamed Synagogenplatz in 1998, and redesigned in 1968 on the 30th anniversary of the pogrom night. For the 60th anniversary in 1998, the square was completely redesigned.

literature

Joachim Hahn and Jürgen Krüger : Synagogues in Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Joachim Hahn: Places and Facilities . Konrad Theiss Verlag , Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1843-5 , ( Memorial Book of Synagogues in Germany . Volume 4), pp. 58–61.