Boaco (city)
| Boaco | ||
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Coordinates: 12 ° 28 ′ N , 85 ° 40 ′ W Boaco on the map of Nicaragua
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| Basic data | ||
| Country | Nicaragua | |
| Department | Boaco | |
| City foundation | March 24, 1895 | |
| Residents | 317,000 (2006) | |
| Detailed data | ||
| height | 402 m | |
| Time zone | UTC −6 | |
Boaco is the capital of the Boaco department of the Central American state of Nicaragua .
topography
The city is surrounded by mountains and has an upper and a lower city, which is why it is also called the city of two floors.
history
In sumo , boa or boaj means magician and the suffix "o" stands for place, city. While fleeing from Pedro Arias Dávila , Boacs and other Nahuatl came to Boaco at the beginning of the colonial era .
Boaco Viejo
Boaco Viejo was about five leguas (20 kilometers) east of today's Boaco. No remains of the original population have yet been found. In a letter of March 30, 1529 from the Alcalde Mayor (Governor) of Nicaragua from León (Nicaragua) , Lic. Francisco de Castañeda to Charles V and in letters from the Corregidor of Sébaco and Chontales from 1725, the name Boaco was used. The first boaco on the banks of the Río Murra was reported in these letters. Matias de Oropesa describes Boaco in 1727 as two to three leguas from the Río Murra. In early 1529, Andrés de Garabito reached San Andrés with a 50-man gold prospecting expedition. Garabito was the first Spaniard in Boaco. The boajs are described as river nomads of the Río Murra, a tributary of the Río Grande de Matagalpa . On a tributary of the Río Murra they founded Boaco Viejo between 1680 and 1682 . The residents of Boaco Viejo attacked residents of the surrounding mountains, in one of these raids in 1749 they captured around 100 indigenous people and brought them to Granada (Nicaragua) . On December 22nd, 1749, Boaco Viejo was attacked by Chimarones , destroyed and almost all residents including the priest, Pbro. Antonio de Cáceres killed.
Boaquito
The survivors settled on the Malacatoya River in 1750 and founded Boaquito , with sixty houses, a Cabildo de Españoles, a Cabildo de Indos and a public prosecutor. On the evening of April 2, 1752, the Bishop of the Diocese of Nicaragua Lic. Fray Pedro Agustín visited Morel de Santa Cruz on a trip through his Diocese of Boaquito. He noted that the city of Santiago is its patron saint, 140 families with 5 people per family live there, and 712 confessions and communions have been given; the community would be a legua from Teustepe on a fertile plain, but stones, swamp and spiders would make the work more difficult. This, especially in the fertile rainy season, swampy terrain, the sterile stony soil and the outbreak of cholera led to the city being relocated to its current location, which made Boaco a natural fortress against invasions due to its mountain location.
Títulos Reales de las Tierras de Boaco
The population fled from malaria and drought from places where the spiders reigned, the relocation lasted from 1751 to 1770. In November 1764 the boards of the Cabildo de Españoles and the Cabildo de Indios of Santiago de Boaco appointed the Corregidor and Capitán Aguerra, of Sébaco and Chontales, Justo Buenaventura Morales, a detailed memorandum on the suffering and hardship suffered by the citizens of Boaco. This representation refers to the burning of the Títulos Reales de las tierras de Boaco , which the Spanish encomendero, Jerónimo Vásquez kept. These included the land titles and the corresponding taxes of Mr. Pedro de Abaunsia, listener of the Real Audiencia de Guatemala . The public scribe Bernabé Renffel sent this to Teustepe . So that the evidence would be received by the Boaco authorities. A commission was set up on November 5, 1764. On this day the first statements, which were testified by numerous witnesses, were received. The commission was initiated on November 5th of 1764. On the same day it received the first statements from several witnesses. As a substitute for the notary José Benito Santillán and Eusebio Somoza. The testimony on that day: Juan José Calero, Antonio Alvarado, Alférez Adriano Jarquín, Victorio Miranda, Sargento Antonio Torrealba y Villagra, Lucas Mendoza and Manuel de Luna. The evidence was submitted to the Fiscal de Tierras de su Majestad en Guatemala , which recognized it on January 14, 1765. The reissue of the land titles for Santiago de Boaco was made on January 23, 1766 during the visit of Domingo López de Urrelo, Caballero de la Orden de Calatrava , Oidor , Alcalde de Corte and Subdelegado Principal del Real Derecho de Tierras . Carlos III granted the new title on February 1, 1775, which has since been in the town hall of Boaco.
In 1778, Bishop Lorenzo de Tristán visited Boaco and ordered the construction of a church, which was consecrated in 1811. Bishop Tristan had ordered the Cathedral of Leon and some churches in Costa Rica. Oxen brought the precious wood for church construction from the forests of Teustepe. During his visit to Boaco, Bishop Lorenzo de Tristán made Carlos Matías Ignacio José Antonio Yarrince a catechist . In 1845 Boaco had a church, an Escuela Urbana , a plaza, an address book for mandatory registration, a military authority, and rural schools in Sacal and San Buenaventura.
Boaco had a great growth, the oldest and most important town of Chontales at that time was Teustepe (land of rabbits). The capital of Chontales was Acoyapa (Bend of the River) Juigalpa is a secondary place and Teustepe is populated by travelers looking for peace and quiet who travel to northern Nicaragua, the center of Chontales and the Atlantic coast. A path from Teustepe to Sébaco reminds of this time.
In 1776, the administrative districts of Nicaragua were according to the reform of Carlos III. redistributed. The area of what is now Nicaragua was divided into five administrative districts: León, Matagalpa, El Realejo, Sutiaba and Nicoya . Boaco was then part of Nicoya .
Men in Boaco went into the service of the wealthy and moved with their wives and children on their estates. This made it difficult to collect the royal tributes of 16 reales annually. In 1801, the royal tribute collector Patricio de la Cerda demanded a surcharge on the tribute and thus pushed many Boaco residents to move to the mountains. 1805 at an audience of the Ministry of Public Affairs and the public prosecutor Dr. Ibáñez was given an order to the Subdelegado Cerda to stop such practices in the future so that the population could return to their places of residence. From 1821 Boaco was part of the Chontales department.
On February 4, 1910, the government of José Madriz passed a law that separated the Jerez department from Chontales, with Boaco as the capital, without any consequences. On July 18, 1935, the government of Juan Bautista Sacasa passed a law which established the Departamento de Boaco.
Museums
- Museo Municipal
- Museo Antropológico Arturo Javier Suárez Miranda
- Museo privado del Dr. Armando Incer Barquero
Churches
For the upper town there is the Santiago de los Caballeros parish church, which was built in the middle of the 19th century. With her is the Parque Central , which is named after the priest Paulino José Nieborowski . In 1944 the Colegio Nieborowski was founded, which was headed by the priest Paulino Antonio Tobar Velasco, his successor was Paulino José Nieborowski. In the lower town is the Iglesia del Socorro which was built in the Russian Orthodox style in the 1980s.
economy
Cheese, saddles and leather boots are made in town.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from October 11, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ El Nuevo Diario , January 7, 2006, Armando Incer Barquero ( Memento of the original from June 12, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
