Bolognino
Bolognino is the name of various coins that were first minted in Bologna and later in other Italian cities between the end of the 12th century and the 17th century.
Emperor Heinrich VI. granted Bologna the right to mint coins in 1191. First the denarius Bolognino piccolo was minted. This had the name of the emperor ENRICVS on one side with the letters IPRT (for imperator) placed in the middle in a cross shape around the center. On the other side was the Latin name of the city BONONIA, with the last letter A capitalized in the middle. The coin consisted of approximately 0.5 g of bronze and 0.15 g of silver . Twelve pieces were worth one soldo .
From 1236 the Bolognino grosso was minted in the same type , which corresponded to the value of one soldo or twelve Bolognini piccoli. This coin quickly became very popular and ousted the only coins in Romagna from Ravenna and Rimini . The Bolognino grosso was therefore often imitated, including in Rome , Ancona and Ferrara .
Over time, Heinrich's name was replaced by names of other rulers. Taddeo Pepoli coined a double Bolognino (called Pepolese ) with the description TADEVS DE PEPULIS around a cross on one side, on the other SP DE BONONIA around an image of the Apostle Peter with the key, during his Signoria in 1338 . After the church had taken over the rule in Bologna, Pope Innocent VI. emboss the Bolognino with the inscription Mater Studiorum .
In the second half of the 16th century, the Bolgonino bore the bust of the Pope on one side and the city's coat of arms on the other. With the rise in the price of silver, the Bolognino - like other coins - began to be manufactured with a lower weight and lower value. Around 1612 a bolognino made of copper was minted and coins with silver content only appeared as multiple Bologninos (e.g. silver Cinque Bolognini in the 18th century).
A gold ducat is called a gold bolognino, which was minted in Bologna from 1380 and had the same weight and fineness as the papal ducat.
The devaluation that this coin has experienced over the centuries can be seen in an Italian phrase: “Non valere un bolognino” means “that is worthless”.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c N. Bauer: Dictionary of coinage . Ed .: Friedrich von Schrötter et al. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1970, ISBN 978-3-11-001227-9 , pp. 81 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- ^ A b c Giuseppe Castellani: Bolognino. In: Enciclopedie on line. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 1930. Retrieved September 1, 2017. (Italian).
- ↑ bolognino: significato e definizione - Dizionari - La Repubblica. In: repubblica.it. La Repubblica , 2011, accessed September 1, 2017 (Italian).