Bosnian-Hercegovinian State Geological Institute

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The Bosnian-Hercegovinian State Geological Institute was the state geoscientific institution of Bosnia-Herzegovina , based in Sarajevo . It was created in 1912 and continued in 1918 after the collapse of the Habsburg monarchy .

prehistory

The early geoscientific exploration work was still the responsibility of the Imperial Geological Institute based in Vienna. On her behalf, Alexander Bittner worked on the relevant parts of the country under difficult working conditions. He gained great recognition in the Viennese authorities and was therefore called the "Bosnian geologist". In the survey in 1879, Bittner worked on southeastern Bosnia and Hercegovina . Edmund von Mojsisovics and Emil Tietze took over other parts of the country . In the course of the three-month field work, geological and cartographic data were generated, which, however, were still very incomplete and had to be filled in with probability assumptions. The map , now ready for printing , was published in 1880 as a supplementary sheet Geological overview map of Bosnia-Hercegovina to the geological overview map of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy by Franz von Hauer on a scale of 1: 576,000. The imperfection was already recognized when it appeared and later reconnaissance was expected .

Another building block in the exploration of the country are the mining works by Bruno Walter from 1878, which later resulted in a geological-mining map (1887) on a scale of 1: 300,000. In this way, some parts of the country were described according to geographic and geographic aspects.

development

Independent geological exploration of Bosnia and Herzegovina began at the end of 1898 with the establishment of a geological office in Sarajevo. It was initially affiliated with the Mining Authority in Sarajevo, but became an independent institution in 1912 as the State Geological Institute.

The Geological State Institute was able to continue its work without any significant interruption after 1918 on the basis of its institutional predecessor, the Bosnian-Hercegovinian geolog. Landesanstalt , connect. Its first director was Friedrich Katzer , an internationally experienced geologist originally from Bohemia . Under his leadership, Ivan Turina held the position of first assistant.

The geological state institute survived the politically unstable period of time around 1919 without any significant restrictions on its operability. The General Director of Yugoslav Mining and Mining, Dimitrije Antula, also made a significant contribution. It was helpful that this ministerial advisor, a recognized geologist and paleontologist, was able to clearly assess the importance of the institution.

One of the major challenges in the first years of the state institute was the geological mapping work that was started under Vienna's direction in the difficult-to-access mountain areas of the country. On the basis of the geological, mineralogical and paleontological collections, there was close cooperation with the Bosnian State Museum in Sarajevo.

As early maps of the Geological State Institute were created:

  • The geological overview map of Bosnia and Hercegovina on a scale of 1: 200,000 has been laid out on six sheets. Friedrich Katzer took part in the creation. The title and legend of the first two sheets are in German , those of the third sheet in Serbo-Croatian and French . The sheets Sarajevo (1906, Vlad. Lipold), Tuzla (1910, Vlad. Lipold, Wenzel Šrajn) and Banja Luka (1921, Ivan Turina) were published in this form .
  • Furthermore, ten sheets of formation outline maps with a scale of 1: 75,000 had been published by 1922 and were named: Motajica and Prosara planina , surroundings of Tuzla with the Majevica mountains , surroundings of Janja , surroundings of Gračanica and Tešanj , surroundings of Derventa and Kotorsko , surroundings from Gradačac and Brčko , surroundings of Trnovo and Foča , surroundings of Zenica and Vareš , surroundings of Prnjavor and surroundings of Sarajevo .

literature

  • Friedrich Katzer: Geology of Bosnia and Hercegovina, 1st vol. Part 1 , Sarajevo 1924, pp. 45–46
  • Bruno Walter: Contributions to the knowledge of the ore deposits of Bosnia , Sarajevo 1878: also published in: FÖLDT. KÖZLÖNY 1887, XVIII, pp. 229–321