Bovist

This article describes the Bovist fruiting body type. For the mushroom genus of the same name, see Boviste .

Fruit body (radius 1 cm) of a bovist

Even with a slight touch, the fruiting body bursts explosively and shoots its spores into the environment

As puffballs different are mushrooms having more or less spherical fruit bodies referred to in which the formation of spores in a Gleba takes place in the interior of the fruit body (angiocarp). This represents an adaptation to dry habitats and occurs in different groups of fungi; so they are examples of convergent evolution . Accordingly, the German name Bovist is unsystematic and is used for various mushrooms, some of which are not closely related.

Mushrooms from the following groups are called Bovist:

• The genera belonging to the order Lycoperdales :
  • Actual Boviste of the genus Bovista
  • Bovistella (rooting dusting )
  • Riesenboviste ( Calvatia ), including the species called Langermannia by some authors
  • Disc boviste ( Disciseda )
  • Stielboviste ( Tulostoma )

• Partly also types of also the Lycoperdales belonging genera Spaltporenstäublinge ( Handkea , also Calvatia provided), puffballs ( Lycoperdon ) Wiesenstäublinge ( Vascellum ) and the Sternstäubling ( Mycenastrum ) called puffballs.

• The species of the genus Scleroderma from the order Sclerodermatales , which is probably related to the Boletales , are called hard or potato bovists .

Derivation of the name

The name Bovist is derived from the early New High German word vohenfist (from “vohe” Füchsin and “vist” belly wind, ie “ Fähen furz ” or “Fuchsfurz”), but soon no longer understood and latinized to Bovist. The original name refers to the characteristic sound when the spore powder escapes (formerly also called "rat vist"), the name of the genus Lycoperdon also means "wolf's fart ".

literature

• Heinrich Dörfelt , Gottfried Jetschke (Ed.): Dictionary of mycology. 2nd Edition. Spectrum Academic Publishing House, Heidelberg / Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-8274-0920-9 .
• German Josef Krieglsteiner (Eds.), Andreas Gminder , Wulfard Winterhoff: Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Stand mushrooms: inguinal, club, coral and stubble mushrooms, belly mushrooms, boletus and deaf mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3531-0 .
• Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 (reprint from 1996).

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Heinrich Marzell : Dictionary of German plant names. 5 volumes, Leipzig, from volume 3 Stuttgart / Wiesbaden, volume 2, pp. 1461–1467.