Large dusters

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Large dusters
Calvatia craniiformis

Calvatia craniiformis

Systematics
Subdivision : Agaricomycotina
Class : Agaricomycetes
Subclass : Agaricomycetidae
Order : Mushroom-like (Agaricales)
Family : Mushroom relatives (Agaricaceae)
Genre : Large dusters
Scientific name
Calvatia
Fr.

The large fever ( Calvatia ) are a genus of mushrooms from the mushroom relatives family .

features

They usually have large, aboveground cleistocarpic fruiting bodies . The exo peridia can be smooth, sticky , or warty. The endoperidia disintegrates at maturity in the upper part and then releases the gleba . The scalp is of the Lycoperdon type. In the European species the subglaba is absent or compact, but there are also non-European species with chambered subglaba. The fruit bodies can detach from the mycelium as they ripen and be blown around by the wind as a spore-filled ball. The scientific name of the genus is derived from the Latin "calva" - brain shell.

Systematics

The delimitation of the genus is controversial. Some authors separate the genus Langermannia from Calvatia , which includes very few species closely related to Langermannia gigantea , which is regarded as a type species. Another genus that is closely related and not separated from all authors of Calvatia is Handkea (Kreisel 1989)

species

The following species occur or are to be expected in Europe:

Large fever ( Calvatia ) in Europe
German name Scientific name Author quote
Boone's giant bovist Calvatia booniana AH Smith in Zeller & AH Smith 1964
White large dusting Calvatia candida (Rostkovius 1839) Hollós 1902
Calvatia complutensis G. Moreno et al. 1996
Purple large dusting Calvatia fragilis (Vittadini 1842) Morgan 1890
Giant bovist Calvatia gigantea (Batsch 1786: Persoon 1801) Lloyd 1904
Lloyd's Great Dustling Calvatia lloydii Zeller & Coker in Zeller 1947
Yellowing Great Dusting Calvatia rugosa (Berkeley & MA Curtis 1868) DA Reid 1977

See also

swell

literature

  • Heinrich Dörfelt , Gottfried Jetschke (Ed.): Dictionary of mycology. 2nd Edition. Spectrum Academic Publishing House, Heidelberg / Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-8274-0920-9 .
  • Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 (reprint from 1996).
  • German Josef Krieglsteiner (Eds.), Andreas Gminder , Wulfard Winterhoff: Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Stand mushrooms: inguinal, club, coral and stubble mushrooms, belly mushrooms, boletus and deaf mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3531-0 .
  • Ellen Larsson, Mikael Jeppson: Phylogenetic relationships among species and genera of Lycoperdaceae based on ITS and LSU sequence data from north European taxa . In: Mycological Research . tape 112 , no. 1 , 2008, p. 4-22 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Achim Bollmann, Andreas Gminder , Peter Reil: List of illustrations of large European mushrooms . In: Yearbook of the Black Forest mushroom teaching show . 4th edition. Volume 2. Schwarzwälder Pilzlehrschau, 2007, ISSN  0932-920X (301 pages; directory of the color images of almost all large European mushrooms (> 5 mm) incl. CD with over 600 species descriptions).
  2. ↑ a b Eric Strittmatter: The genus Calvatia . In: Fungiworld.com . Mushroom Taxa Database. June 13, 2008, accessed July 30, 2012 .
  3. ^ Hanns Kreisel: Studies in the Calvatia complex (Basidiomycetes) . In: Nova Hedwigia . tape 48 , 1989, pp. 281-296 .

Web links

Commons : Large Dusters ( Calvatia )  - Collection of images, videos, and audio files