Dusters
Dusters | ||||||||||||
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Bottle dusting ( Lycoperdon perlatum ) |
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Systematics | ||||||||||||
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Lycoperdon | ||||||||||||
Tour. ex pers. |
The puffballs ( Lycoperdon ) is a fungal genus of the family of mushroom relatives (Agaricaceae). With the exception of the hare puff ( L. utriformis ), pebbles are divided into a sterile stem and a spore-producing head part. The name refers to the ripe fruit bodies , the spore dust inside of which evaporates in a clear cloud when touched or when pressure is applied.
features
The fruit bodies are more or less pear-shaped. A chambered, sterile part of the fruiting body ( subgleba ) can be found under the chambered basal part, which carries the spores and capillitium ( gleba ). After ripening, the mushrooms open with a hole at the top. The peridia , that is, the outer covering of the fruiting body, is double. The outer peridia is often prickly to warty, flaky.
ecology
The dusters are saprobiontic soil dwellers.
Systematics
The genus of the Stäublings earlier belonged to the now obsolete subclass of the belly mushrooms (Gastromycetidae) and there to the order Stäubling-like (Lycoperdales). Today it is assigned to the order mushroom-like (Agaricales) in the subclass Agaricomycetidae .
species
There are around 50 species worldwide. The following taxa are known or expected for Europe :
Puffballs ( Lycoperdon ) in Europe |
Hedgehog dusting
Lycoperdon echinatumDwarf willow
stub Lycoperdon frigidumFlake Puffball
Lycoperdon mammiformeFlaking dusting
Lycoperdon marginatumSoft dust
Lycoperdon molleSmelly dusting
Lycoperdon nigrescensBottle dusting
Lycoperdon perlatumBrown peat moss
dusting Lycoperdon subincarnatumBrown
dusting Lycoperdon umbrinum
See also
swell
literature
- Werner Rothmaler : Excursion flora from Germany, lower plants. 3rd edition, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2000, page 517-518, ISBN 3-8274-0655-2
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Paul M. Kirk, Paul F. Cannon, David W. Minter, JA Stalpers: Dictionary of the Fungi . 10th edition. CABI Europe, Wallingford, Oxfordshire (UK) 2008, ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8 (784 pages).
- ^ Andreas Gminder : Manual for mushroom collectors . Franckh – Kosmos, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-440-11472-8 , p. 332 .
- ↑ Eric Strittmatter: The genus Lycoperdon. In: Fungiworld.com. Mushroom Taxa Database. Retrieved October 7, 2013 .