Hare dusting
| Hare dusting | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hare dusting ( Lycoperdon utriforme ) |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Lycoperdon utriforme | ||||||||||||
| Bull .: Pers. |
The rabbit Puffball ( Lycoperdon utriforme ), sometimes Hasenbovist or paneled Großstäubling called, is a fungal art from the family of mushroom relatives (Agaricaceae).
features
The fruiting bodies are usually balloon, top or sack-shaped. Specimens with a spherical, hemispherical or pear-shaped habit are less common. They have a weakly tapering base, but do not form a real stem. The most common shape is reminiscent of a flabby balloon with a reduced base. The size varies between 4 and 15, rarely 2 cm in height and up to 15 cm in width. The initially white outer skin (exo peridia ) soon turns gray. The surface is covered with coarse, pointed-conical warts that disappear with age and only remain longer at the base. After losing the warts, it tears in small fields, irregularly like a mosaic and finally bursts on top. The lead-gray inner skin underneath (endoperidia) turns beige to deep brown with maturity and tears from the top. As a result, the initially cardboard-white, then mushy yellow-greenish and, when ripe, powdery olive to dark-brown spore mass ( gleba ) is exposed. Old peridia (outer shells, torsos) from the previous year are cold and frost tolerant and survive the winter.
Ecology and phenology
The hare stubber is a ground-dwelling saprobiont . It grows on lawns and meadows, preferred locations are poor and semi-arid lawns with sandy or loamy-sandy soils. Extensively managed pastures are often populated by it, while it occurs less often in forests and at the edges of forests.
In Central Europe, the fruiting bodies appear from summer to autumn, more rarely in spring.
distribution
The hare puff is common in Europe, in Asia from the Caucasus and Siberia to the Himalayas and to East Asia. It is also found in New Zealand, North America, South Africa and the Canary Islands. In Europe there are finds from Portugal and Spain to Ireland, Scotland, the Orkney Islands and northern Scandinavia. In Germany the species is widespread and occurs from the lowlands to subalpine locations.
Danger
Due to the declining, extensively used locations, the occurrence of the hare puff has also declined in recent years. It is therefore classified in the Red List of Germany's Endangered Large Mushrooms (1996) with status 3 (endangered).
Systematics
Some authors put the hare stubber in its own genus ( Handkea utriformis ).
meaning
Food value
Information about the food value is contradictory: Young, as long as the meat is colored white, it is considered edible. The information ranges from “tasty” to “not enjoyable and tastes strongly of carbolic ” - but the latter description could be due to the fact that the optimal degree of ripeness has already been exceeded.
swell
literature
- Heinrich Dörfelt , Gottfried Jetschke (Ed.): Dictionary of mycology. 2nd Edition. Spectrum Academic Publishing House, Heidelberg / Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-8274-0920-9 .
- German Josef Krieglsteiner (Eds.), Andreas Gminder , Wulfard Winterhoff: Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Stand mushrooms: inguinal, club, coral and stubble mushrooms, belly mushrooms, boletus and deaf mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3531-0 .
- Bickerich-Stoll: Local mushrooms 1 . Urania paperbacks, VLN 212-475 / 45/77 - LSV 1359.
Individual evidence
- ^ Hanns Kreisel: Studies in the Calvatia complex (Basidiomycetes) . In: Nova Hedwigia 48, 1989. pp. 281-296.
