Brandenburg Main and State Stud Neustadt / Dosse

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The Brandenburg Main and State Stud Neustadt / Dosse is the main and state stud of the State of Brandenburg .

history

The Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm II (1744 / 1786–1797) had two studs built near Neustadt an der Dosse in 1788 "for the best of the country" .

Main stud - Landstallmeisterhaus
State stud: residential and administrative building

His traveling stable master Carl Heinrich August Graf von Lindenau (1755–1842) had convinced the king that it would be useful for Prussia if the horses for cavalry and keeping the court did not have to be bought from abroad, as was previously the case, but were drawn in the country. The establishment of state and main studs was part of the extensive state measures to improve Prussian horse breeding. The state stud farms were able to provide horse breeding with sires that were licensed by the state under favorable conditions. In Neustadt the noblest blood was to be collected, preserved and made available as a basis for all other Prussian stud farms. As a result, the stud shaped the development of the Brandenburger Warmblood breed .

The proximity to the seat of government in Berlin and the royal estate, which has existed in Neustadt since 1695, certainly influenced the choice of location in the small Neustadt, which was promoted to town in 1664 at the instigation of Landgrave Friedrich II .

Carl Graf von Lindenau, as head stable master, also became the boss of all Prussian stud farms. This ensured a centrally organized domestic horse breeding, the success of which soon became apparent. Lindenau commissioned the Saxon building inspector Ephraim Wolfgang Glasewald to build the two Neustadt stud farms. A breeding stud (Friedrich-Wilhelm-Gestüt) for 60 dam mares and a state stud (Lindenau) for 100 state stallions were established between 1788 and 1791. Both are laid out as four-sided courtyards and separated by a 1 km long avenue with four rows of trees. All buildings are built in the early classical style, objectivity and practicality, combined with a harmonious feeling of space, characterize the buildings. The avenue-like tree planting of the inner courtyards and the connecting avenues still characterize the overall picture today.

Arab breeding period 1788–1833

Lindenau set the breeding goal when the stud was established: The size of the English thoroughbred breed should be combined with the noble qualities (beauty and productivity) of the Arabs. The stallion Turcmainatty was very important and greatly standardized and improved the Neustadt breed. After the defeat of Prussia in the Napoleonic-Prussian War in 1806, the stud had to flee and valuable breeding material was lost.

English breeding period 1833–1876

The emerging fashion of horse races brought about a strong focus on the English model in Neustadt horse breeding. In 1843 the training facility (today it houses the FN riding school) was built, English trainers were hired and a racetrack was set up, on which races were held annually until 1857. The rapidly developing agriculture, forestry and, above all, wagon industry, however, needed a strong draft horse. The state sires raised in Neustadt were not suitable for this. Criticism by breeders and the fact that the Hessian stud Beberbeck was taken under Prussian administration in order to establish Prussian breeding there (from Neustadt) led to the closure of the main stud in 1876. In the state stud, however, strong sires, including Danes and Holsteiners, were set up.

Farm horse breeding 1895–1945

The main stud was re-established in 1895 in order to displace the crossbreeding that had arisen in Brandenburg. The necessary reinforcement was achieved through the deployment of strong East Prussians and Hanoverians . The young stallions were trained and tested in the training facility, and a riding and driving school was set up here in 1921. From 1922 onwards, the state stallions were introduced to the breeders every year during the stallion parade. Neustadt took over the leadership in the Brandenburg horse breeding again.

Riding horse breeding 1946 until today

Landstallmeister Hans Güntzel handed over the stud farms to the Soviet troops marching into Neustadt on May 4th, 1945. As part of the reparations payments, the entire horse population and the entire inventory were transported to the Soviet Union. At the end of 1945 Gustav Condereit, the agricultural councilor responsible for Neustadt, received permission to collect suitable breeding horses, so that some breeding stations could be filled again as early as 1946. By order of the Soviet command, every mare had to be covered in order to increase the number of horses again. By 1954, the Soviet occupation gradually released all stables again. As a result of the forced collectivization of agriculture in the GDR from 1960, the demand for arable horses fell sharply, and many breeding horses were slaughtered. Riding horses were now consistently bred in Neustadt. The export of riding horses to non-socialist countries was a lucrative source of money for the GDR and was mostly carried out via the stallion depot (state stud) in Neustadt. In the eighties there were more than 100 broodmares in the main stud, with which riding and driving horses were bred.

Kolibri - currently the most important sire of the main and state stud in Neustadt / Dosse - was a noble warmblood

After the political change , the state of Brandenburg took over the Neustädter stud farms in 1990 and the number of mares was greatly reduced. The well-bred, hereditary herd of dam mares brings successful offspring; "Samba Hit" or "Quarterback" are current top horses in Germany. The late miracle mare “ Poetin ” was also bred there.

With its 400 hectares of paddocks, meadows and arable land, the stud is self-sufficient. In addition to keeping mares and stallions, it has an EU insemination station, a stallion testing institute (since 1978) and an FN riding school. In addition, the stud's own horses enable the students who attend the Neustädter Prinz-von-Homburg-Schule to take the elective riding.

The Brandenburg State Stud has been run as a foundation under public law since 2001 .

literature

Web links

Commons : Haupt- und Landgestüt Neustadt an der Dosse  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 52 ° 51 ′ 41.5 ″  N , 12 ° 25 ′ 8.8 ″  E