Main and state stud Marbach

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Mares with foals on the pasture in Marbach
Fohlenhof St. Johann, main building

The main and state stud Marbach is the state stud of the state of Baden-Württemberg , which is also one of the four main studs still in existence in Germany. The stud is operated as a state institution of the Ministry for Rural Areas and Consumer Protection Baden-Württemberg . It is located in the Reutlingen district in the Marbach an der Lauter district of the Gomadingen community .

The main and state stud (HUL) Marbach also includes the stud farm in Offenhausen and the foal farm in St. Johann .

history

The stud has a tradition in Württemberg that goes back centuries . In 1491, Count Eberhard im Bart set up a stud in Oberfeld near Marbach. In addition to animals from his Einsiedel near Tübingen stud farm, which he opened in 1460 , he also hired horses that had been brought from pilgrimages to the Holy Land or imported from Hungary, Bohemia, Transylvania, Turkey and Holstein. In the middle of the 16th century the location of the stud was moved to Marbach. Horse breeding in Marbach was first mentioned in a document in 1554. From 1590 mules were bred in addition to horses , which were used as draft animals in the ducal stables and in the garden centers.

Already under Duke Christoph von Württemberg (1550–1568) the expansion of Marbach into a stately stud farm began; In 1590, Duke Ludwig set breeding goals for the riding horses that were bred in Marbach. He bought Andalusian, English and Berber stallions. However, the Thirty Years War was a huge setback. With a horse tax that brought in 7,820 guilders , the duke managed to finance a stock of stallions again after this war. The animals were bought in Lippe, Friesland, Holstein and Denmark. Thus, the breeding of efficient and undemanding horses for agriculture began, from which the breed of the Württemberg warmblood developed over the course of 200 years . In 1687 the first “Wirtemberg Stud Ordinance” of the stud manager Lewin Freiherr von Kniestedt was put into effect, which was supposed to promote the development of this breed. Only stallions approved by the head stable master in Marbach were still allowed to be used for breeding. The licensing is still a prerequisite for admission to breeding; however, the proof of performance is no longer provided in the daily work in the field, but as part of the 100-day Marbach stallion performance test.

In 1817 Marbach was raised to the state stud of the Kingdom of Württemberg . The stud farms in Offenhausen, St. Johann and Güterstein were awarded it. The building stock still largely corresponds to that of the 19th century.

The mare fountain is reminiscent of Wilhelm I and at the same time symbolizes the keeping of mares in Marbach

In 1816 the first real Arabian thoroughbred mare came to Württemberg from Syria. Her name was Murana I. King Wilhelm I , who is remembered by the mare fountain in the stud farm, founded a private stud with her in Weil near Esslingen . This was the first stud farm with purebred Arabs outside of the Orient. Murana's descendants now live in the Arab group of the main and state stud in Marbach. With the help of his wife Katharina , Wilhelm I was able to introduce more pure-blooded Arabs. Bairactar , Wilhelm's favorite horse, was used for breeding until 1838 . Bairactar one was stallion of the Württemberg Arabian breed. His skeleton was prepared after his death and initially stored in Hohenheim . Today it is in the stud museum in Offenhausen.

Bronze statue of Hadban Enzahi OX; Artist: Ingo Koblischek

Wilhelm I had decreed in his will that his Arab breeding should never be dissolved. His great-granddaughter Pauline zu Wied was no longer able to run the stud on her own after the global economic crisis and in 1932 she handed over the Arabian breed to the main and state stud. Hadban Enzahi , to whom a memorial was erected on the stud grounds , and Gharib belonged to the outstanding and best-known Arab stallions of this breed according to Bairactar .

In 2005 a redevelopment plan was drawn up to protect the deficit-ridden main and state stud from privatization. As part of these austerity measures, most of the 20 outside deck stations were closed and some were replaced by advice centers. There is an insemination station in Offenhausen that sends semen from Marbach stallions worldwide.

Kremser ride for stud visitors

Furthermore, there was an increased focus on tourist marketing of the business and more intensive use of the horses in sport.

In August 2017, a listed hall of the stud in St. Johann burned down. For a previously unexplained cause, the grain stored in the hall caught fire. The fire caused damage of an estimated 2 million euros, people and animals were not harmed.

tasks

The stud is an important point of contact for horse breeders and equestrians , the Arabian breed there is very well known . The gray stallion Hadban Enzahi, who was bred in Egypt, was a style defining element of the stud's thoroughbred Arabian breeding. The annual stallion parade is an internationally known attraction. On two weekends in September / October, stallions and mares of various breeds are presented here. There are around 520 to 600 horses in Marbach.

After the end of the Second World War , the breeding of the Württemberg warmblood with the Trakehner stallion Julmond , who had come to West Germany on the big trek , was switched from the heavy workhorse, which was no longer needed, to a modern riding horse. The brand is a stag antler rod .

With the Black Forest draft horse one also takes care of the breeding of work horses z. B. for forest work.

CIC Marbach

The International Marbach Eventing takes place every year in May on the grounds of the main and state stud Marbach.

As part of the tournament, the Baden-Württemberg championships for eventing riders and the German professional equestrian championships take place.

Winner since 2010

year Winner CIC *** Winner CIC * Baden-Württemberg championships Professional equestrian championship
2010 GermanyGermany Michael Jung with La Biosthetique Sam FBW GermanyGermany Michael Jung with scoundrel FBW GermanyGermany Michael Jung with scoundrel FBW GermanyGermany Michael Jung with La Biosthetique Sam FBW
2011 GermanyGermany Michael Jung with La Biosthetique Sam FBW NetherlandsNetherlands Iris Pemen with Acroliance Embregts GermanyGermany Michael Jung with La Biosthetique Sam FBW

See also

literature

  • Karl-Hermann Windel: The history of the Marbach aL stud from nationalization to World War II (1817-1939) . Dissertation Tübingen 1994.
  • Sabine Kraume-Probst: "There is no lack of good and healthy pastures ...". The main and state stud in Gomadingen-Marbach. In: Preservation of monuments in Baden-Württemberg , 35th year 2006, issue 3, p. 172 f. ( Full text )
  • Alexandra Lotz: Main and State Stud Marbach. Studies of the building history . In: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg , 41st year 2012, issue 2, pp. 101-106 ( full text (PDF) )
  • Gabriele Boiselle: Main and State Stud Marbach. 500 years of horse breeding , Müller Rüschlikon, Stuttgart 2014, ISBN 978-3-275-01964-9 .
  • Hans-Jürgen Philipp: From the history of the Marbach court stud (1491-1817) on the Swabian Alb . Uelvesbull. 2014. ISBN 978-3-86247-484-4 .
  • Hans-Jürgen Philipp: The Marbach stud farm (1491-1817) of the House of Württemberg on the Swabian Alb , LIT, Berlin / Münster 2017 (history, volume 149), ISBN 978-3-643-13970-2 .

Web links

Commons : Haupt- und Landgestüt Marbach  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

swell

  1. Archive link ( Memento of the original from September 27, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.gomadingen.de
  2. http://www.swr.de/swr2/programm/sendung/wissen/-/id=5775012/property=download/nid=660374/uz3jo2/swr2-wissen-20100126.pdf
  3. A major fire at the St. Johann stud farm resulted in damage of 2 million euros . In: Schwäbisches Tagblatt online . ( tagblatt.de [accessed on August 16, 2017]).
  4. International Marbach Versatility

Coordinates: 48 ° 23 '3.1 "  N , 9 ° 25' 6.2"  E