Broholmer
| Broholmer | ||
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| FCI Standard No. 315 | ||
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| Origin : | ||
| Withers height: |
Males ≈75 cm, |
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| Weight: |
Males 50–70 kg, |
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| List of domestic dogs | ||
The Broholmer is a Danish breed of dog recognized by the FCI ( FCI Group 2, Section 2.1, Standard No. 315 ). The breed is managed by the AKC for possible recognition in the Foundation Stock Service .
Origin and history
Broholmers were bred by Frederik Sehested , owner of the Broholm estate on the Danish island of Funen . An important breeding goal at the time was the development of a large yellow-brown dog based on the model of images of large dogs in Denmark in the early modern period. The latter are regularly traced back to the introduction of mastiff-like dogs from England, as was the fashion in other European countries at the time. A major motive for the breeding efforts was the description of the French naturalist Georges-Louis Leclerc de Buffon , who postulated the existence of a large Danish dog in the 18th century, which is also said to have been the progenitor of various other large types of dogs , such as the Irish Wolfhound . Buffon's ideas had a far-reaching impact in their time, but later proved untenable. According to the breeding goal, these dogs were originally not called Broholmer, but rather Large Danish Dogs.
Around 1855, von Sehested built a breed from mostly domestic breeding material, which quickly enjoyed a certain popularity in Denmark. For this purpose, suitable dogs or “remnants of the Danish dog” had been searched in many parts of Denmark that had characteristics of the type of dog sought. The type we were looking for "was a large, brownish-yellow dog with a large broad head, black mouth, strong neck, and strongly developed chest and forelegs, while the hindquarters were usually not that strong." These were often referred to as butcher dogs, as they were at this time still served such large dogs in butcheries. Between 1855 and 1875 around 150 puppies were then distributed to citizens across Denmark who had agreed to help build the breed. When King Frederick VII and his mistress, Countess Danner , got to know these dogs, they were thrilled. They should be the owner of Broholmer dogs during Friedrich's reign and support the development of this breed. The background was that the king had already begun to have his advisors build a race according to Buffon's explanations, but this was not quite as successful. These dogs were also called Jaegerspris after the royal palace Jaegerspris .
Later, some of the Broholmer as well as some of the Jaegerspris were brought to the Copenhagen Zoo, where they were also increased and further developed. Especially after the royal favorite male "Holger", who was brought there after the king's death in 1863, around 200 Broholmer puppies fell there.
In the following years the friends and breeders of Broholmer found themselves exposed to aggressive hostility with their honest breeding efforts. Due to the success of the Great Dane , the sale of which, especially in Anglo-Saxon countries, promised to be a lucrative business, some dog breeders wanted to declare the Great Danes from German breeding to be a Danish product and reviled the Broholmers as "mutt", who bought and crossed here and there which would not have been comparable with the allegedly pure breed of allegedly Danish origin, which Buffon had described - certainly without being able to suspect such late effects of these explanations. The background to this project was that in England the Great Danes, which were originally called "English dogs" in Germany because of their own ancestry, often wanted to recognize the "Grand Danois" Buffons and the name "Great Dane" was established for them in English-speaking countries. For this reason it is legitimate and advisable to bring the mastiffs from Germany and to call them "Danish dogs"; because these are the real Danish dogs, while the Broholmer are not real Danish dogs.
This dispute - also fed by the excessive nationalism in the European states of the late 19th century - was to have an unfavorable effect on the Broholmer's further development, as he was now less recognized as a result of the associated prohibitions and he found fewer and fewer dog friends who would take him on . Added to this were the stresses of the world wars and dog diseases, such as distemper , which also caused the population to melt together. Finally, in 1940, the last dog was entered in the breed register. After the Second World War, the breed was considered extinct. The breed was rediscovered in 1974 following a publication in a dog magazine. Outside of the official dog world, he was occasionally bred and a reader made contact with a holder. He owned a male who corresponded fully to the type of the historical Broholmer of the 19th century, but which was no longer suitable for breeding due to his age. As a result of the attention it generated, however, other dog lovers who still owned dogs that could be traced back to this type came forward; especially those of the black color. This color had almost been forgotten by now. However, from photographs of the broholmer that were kept in Tivoli Park , it could be proven that there had also been black broholmer.
A back-breeding program could be set up with these animals, in which related breeds were also used. In 1982 the breed was stabilized to such an extent that the FCI recognized the Broholmer. Even today, the breeding program is not yet fully completed. For a long time, no brokers were allowed to be sold outside the country in order not to endanger the program.
Meanwhile, the Broholmer has become an appealing impressive dog breed that fully lives up to its original ancestors.
description
Massive, large, strong dog with short, coarse hair in light yellow with a black nasal mirror and dark mask, yellow-brown, or black, white; Badges can occur. The ears are medium-sized, drooping. Males have a height at the withers of approx. 75 cm, bitches approx. 70 cm. The weight of a male is approx. 60 kg, bitches approx. 50 kg.
Essence
The broholmer is a calm, pleasant housemate and patient protector of children. He is vigilant, but not aggressive, but rather friendly.
Sources and further links
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Broholmer Page of the AKC
- ↑ a b cf. Broholmeren — oprindelig kaldet "Den danske hund" - Website of the Danish special club for Broholmer ( memento of the original from August 10, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Danish) - Retrieved May 24, 2014
- ↑ a b from a letter from the Hofjaegermeister von Sehested, descendant of Frederik Sehested and owner of the breed at that time; quoted in Ludwig Beckmann , History and Description of the Races of the Dog , Vol. 1, 1895, p. 51 (digitized at Internet Archive)
- ↑ from a letter from the zoo director Klein, quoted in Leonhard Hoffmann : The book of healthy and sick dogs. Instructional and manual for the whole of scientific and practical cynology. Vienna 1901, p. 182 (digitized at Internet Archive)
- ↑ a b c Ria Horter in: Dogs in Canada (dog magazine), issue April 2003, 16-17, p. 17 (PDF)
- ↑ a b from the "Dänische Jagdzeitung", probably the Dansk Jagttidente , 1889, no. 11; quoted in Leonhard Hoffmann : The book of healthy and sick dogs. Instructional and manual for the whole of scientific and practical cynology. Vienna 1901, p. 186 (digitized version of the Internet Archive)
