Bruchhausen (Sandhausen)

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Bruchhausen
Community Sandhausen
Coordinates: 49 ° 21 ′ 39 "  N , 8 ° 38 ′ 33"  E
Incorporation : 1928
Postal code : 69207
Area code : 06224
Entrance to Bruchhausen, on the right the baroque facade of the former hunting arsenal, with walled-up door openings [1]
Entrance to Bruchhausen, on the right the baroque facade of the former hunting arsenal, with walled-up door openings
Place-name sign
View from the southeast of Bruchhausen

The village of Bruchhausen is a district of Sandhausen in the Electoral Palatinate in the Rhein-Neckar district in Baden-Württemberg . Originally it was a monastery of the Cistercians of Schönau , from the Reformation up to the incorporation into the community of Sandhausen a manorial estate. The rich furnishings with old brick-built courtyard buildings, some of which are designed as an ensemble, and the shoulder-high surrounding wall with a defensive tower that has been preserved, point to the former importance and prosperity of the former owners. Even today, Bruchhausen has essentially its agricultural oneMaintain alignment, among other things, tobacco is grown there.

geography

The farmer's hamlet Bruchhausen is west of Sandhausen, on the other side of the Leimbach . Neighboring communities are Sandhausen and Kirchheim . In the center of the village you can find the remains of a formerly connected, baroque complex, the remains of which are now divided into several farms. There are also modern residential buildings and barns. Only remnants and a tower are left of the former surrounding wall from the 16th century. The state road L 600 , which connects Leimen and Sandhausen with Schwetzingen , passes Bruchhausen.

history

The name Bruchhausen indicates a settlement in the "Bruch", i. H. in the marshland. Bruchhausen was probably built around 1100 and is therefore older than the neighboring Sandhausen, to which it belongs today as a district. Bruchhausen is mentioned for the first time around 1150 as "Bruchhusen" in a document from the Schönau monastery . In the early Middle Ages, Bruchhausen partly belonged to the Schönau Monastery, which had a farm there managed by monks, and partly it was owned by a noble family who called themselves "von Bruchhausen" or just "von Husen". In the 13th and 14th centuries, the Count Palatinate of Heidelberg acquired properties in Bruchhausen. With the Reformation and the dissolution of the Schönau Monastery in 1558, the possessions of the Schönau Monastery also passed to the Count Palatine. The Palatinate administration leased Bruchhausen as a farm estate and built the Palatinate's central hunting lodge there.

In the 17th and 18th centuries, the chief hunter of the Count Palatine lived with hunters in Bruchhausen. Their job was to tend the game and organize farm hunts. A huge hunting hall was built for court hunts in 1754, into which the hunting animals were driven. The elector and his hunting guests were able to shoot the game through the loopholes in the hall. Remnants of the hunting hall can still be found in Bruchhausen, partly as residential buildings, partly as barns. The doorways through which the game was driven still exist today but are walled up.

It is estimated that Bruchhausen was surrounded by walls from around the 16th century. Within the walls were the Schönauer Hof, the hunting lodge and some farms. The fields and meadows of Bruchhausen were leased to farmers in Bruchhausen, and later also to farmers in neighboring towns. In 1674, Bruchhausen was affected by conflicts between France and the Electoral Palatinate: French troops devastated the area on the right and left of the Rhine during the Dutch War . In 1674, Bruchhausen was burned down by French troops.

In 1785 Bruchhausen had 197 inhabitants. In 1804 Bruchhausen went to Baden . In the 19th century Bruchhausen was leased to the Waghäusel sugar factory . Max von Baden was the last princely owner of Bruchhausen. From 1919 Bruchhausen was under the domain office . In 1935 (according to other sources, 1936) the Bruchhausen district was divided into 13 hereditary estates among farmers from Sandhausen, Kirchheim, Heidelberg and Mosbach .

Politically, Bruchhausen belonged to neighboring Kirchheim until 1810 , but in the 19th century it was an almost independent municipality with at times its own local court. Land registers were kept in Sandhausen, however, and after the school in Bruchhausen had given up, Bruchhausen's children went to school in Sandhausen. In 1928 the Bruchhausen district was dissolved and divided. 207 hectares east of Speyerer Straße including the enclosed center of Bruchhausen went to Sandhausen, smaller parts of the land went to the neighboring villages of Kirchheim and Oftersheim . Bruchhausen has been part of Sandhausen since then.

Economy and Infrastructure

The Cistercians originally cultivated husk , from the 18th century tobacco and since the 19th century, with the leasing to the Waghäusel sugar factory, sugar beet . Bruchhausen is still dominated by agriculture today.

literature

  • 700 years of Sandhausen . Festival book for the 700th anniversary - II. Heimattag - the community of Sandhausen. Sandhausen 1962.
  • Hans Huth, Eugen Reinhard, Meinrad Schaab, Adolf Zienert: The community of Sandhausen , ed. from the State Archives Administration of Baden-Württemberg in connection with the cities and districts of Heidelberg and Mannheim. G. Braun, Karlsruhe 1968.
  • Community Sandhausen (ed.): Home directory of the community Sandhausen . Heidelberger Verlagsanstalt, Heidelberg 1986, ISBN 3-920-431-56-1 .

Web links

Commons : Bruchhausen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 700 years of Sandhausen . Festival book for the 700th anniversary - II. Heimattag - the community of Sandhausen. Sandhausen 1962, pp. 30-31.
  2. ↑ Hans Huth, Eugen Reinhard, Meinrad Schaab, Adolf Zienert: Die Gemeinde Sandhausen , ed. from the State Archives Administration of Baden-Württemberg in connection with the cities and districts of Heidelberg and Mannheim. G. Braun, Karlsruhe 1968, p. 835.
  3. ^ Community Sandhausen (ed.): Home book of the community Sandhausen . Heidelberger Verlagsanstalt, Heidelberg 1986, ISBN 3-920-431-56-1 , p. 67.
  4. ↑ a b c 700 years of Sandhausen . Festival book for the 700th anniversary - II. Heimattag - the community of Sandhausen. Sandhausen 1962, p. 30.
  5. ^ A b Community Sandhausen (ed.): Home book of the community Sandhausen . Heidelberger Verlagsanstalt, Heidelberg 1986, ISBN 3-920-431-56-1 , blurb .
  6. ↑ 700 years of Sandhausen . Festival book for the 700th anniversary - II. Heimattag - the community of Sandhausen. Sandhausen 1962, pp. 30-31.
  7. ^ District savings bank Heidelberg: Sandhausen: history and present . Reprint from the 1984 annual report of the Bezirkssparkasse Heidelberg. Heidelberg 1984, p. 2.
  8. ↑ 700 years of Sandhausen . Festival book for the 700th anniversary - II. Heimattag - the community of Sandhausen. Sandhausen 1962, p. 31.
  9. ↑ Hans Huth, Eugen Reinhard, Meinrad Schaab, Adolf Zienert: Die Gemeinde Sandhausen , ed. from the State Archives Administration of Baden-Württemberg in connection with the cities and districts of Heidelberg and Mannheim. G. Braun, Karlsruhe 1968, p. 837.
  10. ↑ Hans Huth, Eugen Reinhard, Meinrad Schaab, Adolf Zienert: Die Gemeinde Sandhausen , ed. from the State Archives Administration of Baden-Württemberg in connection with the cities and districts of Heidelberg and Mannheim. G. Braun, Karlsruhe 1968, p. 849.