Bunge (museum)
The cultural history museum Bunge west of Fårösund on the Swedish Baltic Sea island Gotland primarily shows rural life in the past, but also objects from prehistoric times.
founding
The first farmhouses came to Bunge in 1908 in connection with land consolidation . Some archaic buildings near Biskops should be demolished. The teacher Th. Erlandsson (1869–1953) aroused the islanders' interest in their preservation. An association was founded and the church made the area available. Today Bunge is one of Sweden's largest open-air museums .
Gate construction
The entrance is a medieval courtyard gate, a copy of the one on the Riddarehof (Ritterhof) in Hejnum. Such gate structures were characteristic of large farms, church and rectory yards in the northern part of the island. The facility is surrounded by a "Standtun", a fence made of sloping wooden poles, which can only be found in Gotland and Estonia . It is an effective obstacle for wind and snow.
Burial ground
The prehistory of the island is shown within the area. Here is a burial ground has been reconstructed, in addition to a stone ship , a Radgrab , a grave ball and a judge's ring a number picture stone includes.
The courtyards
The rest of the museum consists of farms from the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries (under construction) as well as examples of the buildings that were part of Gotland farms.
Courtyard 1
Most of the houses on the oldest farm (Gammelgården) date from the 17th century. In the middle there is a court cross that was used on many Gotland courts. The main house, a tarred plank hut built in the 17th century, comes from Lunderhage in Fleringe. Your entrance is at the gable. The hall has a stone floor. The living room has typical furnishings, including a bed with a curtain, an open hearth and a huge cupboard. The lead-framed windows are painted copies. The original windows of the Lunderhager Hof are in the Länsmuseum Gotlands Fornsal . On Gotland, the topping-out ceremony was held as a “Fönstergille” (window feast). The guests brought painted windows as gifts.
The small room next door is the old part of the yard. There is also a small festival room. It could be integrated into the main house or stand free and was used as a dining room, bridal chamber or mortuary. The outbuildings come primarily from the Biskopshof and have steep thatched roofs . They are also listed in plank construction. The planks ("Bularna") are roughly hewn with an ax and connected with tenons. Even the barn's hinges are made of wood. The outbuildings are two sheds, three stables and a barn. The barn is dated 1621. In the double shed there is a Danish inscription (Gotland was Danish at the time) “Rasmus Biskops built this shack with God's grace in 1629”. The barn roof rests on base beams. This construction is reminiscent of Iron Age houses. At a corresponding distance from the courtyard are three “fire houses”: the Bickingkäula, where fish was smoked, the sauna and the forge.
Yard 2
The 18th century courtyard consists of a main house and various outbuildings. The main building is a two-room house, which initially existed as a one-room house with a hall, living room and chamber. The old building consists of hand-cut lying planks that are inserted into corner posts. The newer part consists of frame-sawn timber. The furnishing of the house consists of Gotland furniture. The wing buildings are partly senior citizens and servants' quarters, partly cellars with a brewery. In the yard there is a barn with a threshing room and two stables.
The other buildings are characteristic of subsistence farming . There is a small windmill from the municipality of Alva from the 18th century. The lime kiln based on the model of a kiln at Hultungs in Bunge has been reconstructed. The museum's tar kitchen shows how tar was made. The tar burning was an important source of income for the farmers. It was not only burned for personal use, but also exported, including to Northern Germany. The museum has a water saw , a water mill and a fulling mill where coarse wool was milled. An 18th century boatswain's skate shows how the seamen of the Swedish fleet, who were maintained by the Gotland farmers, lived. A small fisherman's hut gives an insight into the life of the poor. The sheep and horse huts are protective structures for the animals living freely in the forest and on the heath.
The Bungemuseum is also responsible for a number of branches in northern Gotland that are in their original location. Some are small museums that are open to visitors during the summer (for example the beach knight's farm in Kyllaj ).
See also
literature
- M. Jonsson, S.-O. Lindquist: Gotland cultural guide . 1993, ISBN 91-88036-09-X , pp. 59-61 .
Web links
- Museum website
- Image of both Gotland fence types - on the left the Standtun
- The museum on Grosssteingraeber.de
Coordinates: 57 ° 51 ′ 16.5 ″ N , 19 ° 1 ′ 34.1 ″ E