Burchardus de Monte Sion
Burchardus de Monte Sion , also Burchardus de Saxonia , Burchard from Mount Zion , († after 1285 ) was a German Dominican . He wrote one of the most famous medieval descriptions of the Holy Land .
Life
Little is known about his life. He perhaps came from the noble family of Barby and was the Dominican monastery in Magdeburg connected.
Between 1271 and 1285 he traveled to Palestine , Syria and other countries in the Middle East for at least two years, perhaps up to ten years . In 1285, as part of the tradition of his work, he was with the embassy of Rudolf I at the court of the Egyptian sultan .
Descriptio terrae sanctae
Burchard's description of the Holy Land, which he made during or after his trip, can be recognized, even if his author's name is missing in some manuscripts, from the fact that it travels through the country in different directions starting from the center of Acre .
The work was very popular as an instructive guide for pilgrims and as a book of edification for those believers who could not make the journey to the Holy Land themselves, and was a model for the representation of the Holy Land well into the 16th century. Its various versions, including a short and a long version in Latin as well as translations into German and French, have survived in a total of around a hundred medieval manuscripts and early prints from the 15th and 16th centuries. The relationship between the short and long versions has been assessed differently in research. Today they are seen as “two largely independent works, not just variants of a single text”.
The first print version appeared in the Rudimentum novitiorum by Lucas Brandis in 1475 in Lübeck .
A first edition of the long version that met scientific standards was presented by Johann Christian Mauritz Laurent in 1864 . However, neither the long nor the short version of the report has been critically edited and both are only available in older, incomplete editions.
expenditure
- Johann Christian Mauritz Laurent : Peregrinatores medii aevi quatuor. Hinrichs, Leipzig 1864, pp. 1-100; 2nd edition 1873, pp. 19–94 ( digitized version )
- Wilhelm Anton Neumann : Burchardus de Monte Sion: Liber de descriptione terrae sanctae. Geneva 1880
literature
- Wilhelm Heyd : Burchardus de Monte Sion . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 3, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1876, p. 567 f.
- Karin Schneider : Burchardus de Monte Sion. In: The German literature of the Middle Ages. Author Lexicon. 2nd edition, Volume 1, de Gruyter, Berlin 1978 ISBN 978-3-11-007264-8 , Sp. 1117f
- Ingrid Baumgärtner : Travel reports, maps and diagrams. Burchard of Monte Sion and the Holy Land. in: Steffen Patzold (Ed.): History presentations. Images, texts and terms from the Middle Ages. Festschrift for Hans-Werner Goetz on his 65th birthday. Böhlau, Vienna 2012 ISBN 978-3-412-20898-1 , pp. 460–507 ( digitized version )
- Ingrid Baumgärtner , Burchard of Mount Sion and the Holy Land . In: Peregrinations: Journal of Medieval Art & Architecture , Volume 4, 1 (Spring 2013), pp. 5-41.
- Ekkehart Rotter: Compass rose instead of a map. The geographical systematization of the Holy Land and its visualization by Burchardus de Monte Sion around 1285. In: German Archive for Research of the Middle Ages 69 (2013), ISSN 0012-1223 , pp. 45-106.
Web links
- Works by and about Burchardus de Monte Sion in the German Digital Library
- Burchardus de Monte Sion in the manuscript census
- Repertory of historical sources of the German Middle Ages
Individual evidence
- ↑ Baumgartner (lit.), p. 465
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Burchardus de Monte Sion |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Burchardus de Saxonia; Burchard from Mount Zion; Burchard from Mount Sion |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German Dominican |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 12th century or 13th century |
| DATE OF DEATH | after 1285 |