Hartenštejn Castle

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Hartenštejn castle ruins
View of the summit (bastion before restoration)

View of the summit (bastion before restoration)

Place: Bochov
Geographical location 50 ° 8 '30 "  N , 13 ° 2' 11.3"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 8 '30 "  N , 13 ° 2' 11.3"  E
Hartenštejn Castle (Czech Republic)
Hartenštejn Castle

The castle ruins Hartenštejn (German originally Neuhartenstein , later Hartenstein ) was a late Gothic castle from the 15th century, southwest of the city of Buchau in the Karlsbad district , Czech Republic .

history

After the city of Buchau and the Hungerberg Castle were stormed and devastated in 1469 by the troops of the Bohemian King Georg von Podiebrad , it was determined that the Hungerberg Castle could no longer be rebuilt. Heinrich II von Plauen therefore needed a new center for his rule. In a relatively short construction period, probably from 1471, after the death of King George, a new castle, Neuhartenstein Castle, was built. From 1473 it was inhabited. It got its name in memory of the County of Hartenstein on the Zwickauer Mulde , which was given to the Lords of Plauen on July 21, 1426 by King Sigismund as a fief. However, after the death of the last Meinheringer who remained childless in the battle against the Hussites on June 16, 1426 near Aussig, the county was seized by the Schönburgers . From then on Heinrich II called himself Herr zu Neuhartenstein.

His son Heinrich III. von Plauen , who had no male heirs in his first marriage, married Princess Barbara von Anhalt-Köthen in her second marriage . Probably on Neuhartenstein she gave birth to a son in the summer of 1510, the later Heinrich IV. Von Plauen . In his will of February 27, 1515, Henry III. determines how the guardianship and the division of inheritance should be regulated for his underage children after his death, as well as in the event that his young widow is remarried. He hived off Prohor as a widow's seat from the Theusing rule . Barbara should also be allowed to take this with her in the event of a remarriage, everything else remained with the children, especially Neuhartenstein as the seat for his eldest son Heinrich IV. Heinrich III died in 1519. on Neuhartenstein.

In 1521 the widowed castle countess Barbara married Johann the Younger from Kolovrat zu Maschau (Jan Mlad. Maštóvský z Kolowrat ) and followed her husband to Maschau on Gut Schönhof . Thereafter, Johann von Kolowrat is said to have bought Neuhartenstein. However, Heinrich IV von Plauen spent his youth here, as letters to his mother show. In addition, Anselm von Steinsdorf, a liege of the Plauen family, had captured Heinrich the Unechten, an illegitimate son of Heinrich III., In midsummer 1523 and brought him to Neuhartenstein Castle for safekeeping. He was not released until September 26, 1523. When Barbara separated from Johann Kolovrat on June 10, 1528, she called herself Countess of Meissen again. This probably led to the assumption that Kolovrat was selling Neuhartenstein at the time. The castle countess first went to Theusing, from the end of August 1529 she stayed in Prohor again. Heinrich asked his mother several times by letter to come to him in Neuhartenstein, but she refused all invitations.

At the beginning of August 1532, Heinrich IV moved to the Castel Sant'Angelo with his young wife Margarethe von Salm and Neuburg . His mother Barbara accompanied the young couple. Heinrich assured her in a certificate dated August 10, 1532 that if she didn't like it at the Castel Sant'Angelo, she could go to Neuhartenstein, Theusing or elsewhere.

In 1532 Neuhartenstein was still a rulership of his own, but shortly after his move, Heinrich united the two rulers to form the rule of Engelsburg-Neuhartenstein, as can be seen from an interest and income register from 1537/38. Whether destroyed by fire, when Heinrich IV died in 1554, the castle was no longer inhabited. When the inheritance of 1563 between Heinrich V. von Plauen , who received the Bohemian lands, and Heinrich VI. von Plauen did not mention it, but it was in a paper of April 22, 1567. On this day Heinrich V. had to hand over Prohor and Neuhartenstein to Heinrich Niklas von Lobkowitz and Hassenstein as representatives of the Gerische Landerbe. In the 17th century there was another attempt to inhabit it. Then it fell into disrepair.

The square castle stretched over the entire summit. The north and south sides were secured by two towers. There was a semicircular bastion to the west. In the south, next to the bastion, there was a building with a basement. The water supply came from its own well.

  • gallery

  • Remains of the castle

  • Bastion before restoration

  • Bastion after restoration

literature

  • Tomáš Durdík : The emergence of a purely military power base - case study Hartenstein in Bohemia. In: Joachim Zeune (ed.): The castle in the 15th century. Colloquium of the Scientific Advisory Board of the German Castle Association, Kronberg 2009 (= publications of the German Castle Association eV Series B: Writings. Vol. 12). German Castle Association, Braubach 2011, ISBN 978-3-927558-32-8 , pp. 114–124.
  • Tomás Durdík: Ilustrovaná encyklopedie českých hradů. 3., opravené vydání. Libri, Prague 2009, ISBN 978-80-7277-402-9 .
  • Dobroslava Menclová : České hrady. 2 volumes. Odeon, Prague 1972.
  • Johannes Richter: On the genealogy and history of the Burgraves of Meißen and Counts to Hartenstein from the older Plauen house. In: Sächsische Heimatblätter. Vol. 38, Issue 5, 1992, ISSN  0486-8234 , pp. 299-303.
  • Berthold Schmidt : Burgrave Heinrich IV of Meissen, Colonel Chancellor of the Crown of Bohemia and his government in the Vogtlande. Griesbach, Gera 1888.
  • Berthold Schmidt: The Russians. Genealogy of the entire Reuss family older and younger line, as well as the extinct Vogtslinien zu Weida, Gera and Plauen and the Burgraves of Meißen from the House of Plauen. Weber, Schleiz 1903.
  • Berthold Schmidt: History of the Reussland. Half volume 1–2. Kanitz, Gera 1923-1927.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Schmidt: The Reuss. 1903, plate E.
  2. ^ Schmidt: Burgrave Heinrich IV. Of Meißen. 1888, p. 40.
  3. ^ Schmidt: Burgrave Heinrich IV. Of Meißen. 1888, p. 70.
  4. ^ Schmidt: Burgrave Heinrich IV. Of Meißen. 1888, p. 47.
  5. ^ Schmidt: Burgrave Heinrich IV. Of Meißen. 1888, p. 52.
  6. ^ Schmidt: Burgrave Heinrich IV. Of Meißen. 1888, p. 60.
  7. ↑ Schmidt: The Reuss. 1903, additions and corrections to Table 5, No. 20.

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