Bochov

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Bochov
Bochov coat of arms
Bochov (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Karlovarský kraj
District : Karlovy Vary
Area : 9564.5183 ha
Geographic location : 50 ° 9 '  N , 13 ° 2'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 9 '19 "  N , 13 ° 2' 22"  E
Height: 668  m nm
Residents : 1,980 (Jan 1, 2019)
Postal code : 364 71
License plate : K
structure
Status: city
Districts: 17th
administration
Mayor : Miroslav Egert (status: 2007)
Address: 364 71 Bochov
Náměstí Míru 1
Municipality number: 555029
Website : www.obec-bochov.cz
Location of Bochov in the Karlovy Vary district
map

Bochov (German Buchau ) is a town in the Czech administrative district Okres Karlovy Vary .

Geographical location

Scenic surroundings of the urban area

The city is located in the Bohemian Egerland and is surrounded by the Kaiserwald , Duppau Mountains and Tepler Highlands .

history

The place was established at the end of the 1440s on the trade route from Prague to Elbogen . The founders were probably the brothers Boresch V. the Elder and Slauko V. von Riesenburg . The medieval town plan suggests that the place was founded as a town. The parish is mentioned as early as 1352. Buchau belonged to the Hungerberg rule , the center of which was the castle on the Hungerberg.

After a lost battle against King Wenzel IV in 1406, he withdrew control from the Lords of Riesenburg, including the city of Buchau. Wenzel gave the rule to Ulrich von Hasenburg, one of his followers. In 1410 Heinrich X. von Plauen bought the rule. After being appointed Burgrave of Meißen on July 21, 1426 by King Sigismund , he called himself Heinrich I, Burgrave of Meißen. His son Heinrich II, originally a partisan of King George of Podebrady , fell away from him after 1459 ( Treaty of Eger between Bohemia and Saxony) and was one of the leading figures in the Catholic League of Men and the so-called rebels who supported the Bohemian rival king Matthias Corvinus .

In 1469 Heinrich Útvina devastated the economic center of the later reign of Toužim . In return, Georg von Podiebrad burned down the city of Buchau and the Hungerberg Castle. The reconstruction of the city began immediately and was supported by the new King Wladislaw II from 1471 . Henry II had helped Wladislaw II to the throne. The castle on the Hungerberg was not rebuilt. Today you can only find remains of fortifications and a deep moat on the Hungerberg. Instead, the Neuhartenstein Castle ( Hartenštejn Castle ) was built near the town as the new center of the rule. From then on Heinrich II called himself Herr zu Neuhartenstein.

On November 16, 1501, by this time the city had long been rebuilt, Margarethe became the daughter of Heinrich III. from his first marriage to Jaroslaw II von Lobkowitz and Hassenstein in Buchau.

When Heinrich IV. Von Plauen moved with his wife Margarethe von Salm and Neuburg von Neuhartenstein to Engelhaus Castle in August 1532 , he united the two lordships to form Engelsburg-Neuhartenstein, as can be seen from an interest and income register from 1537/38 in which lists all the villages of the united rule.

The Archangel Michael Church in late Gothic style from the 15th century burned down completely in 1666 like the whole place. It was rebuilt in the baroque style. In the church there is an epitaph of Adam von Steinsdorf and his wife Katharina from 1579. Most of the population lived from agriculture and sheep breeding and later from working in a porcelain factory, a cardboard box factory, shoe manufacturing and wood processing. From 1868 Buchau was part of the Luditz district and in 1897 received a connection to the railway network with the local railway Rakonitz – Petschau – Buchau .

After the First World War , Buchau was added to the newly created Czechoslovakia in 1919 . In 1910 the city had 2,200 inhabitants, almost all of them Germans; In 1930 it still had 1,782 inhabitants, 84 of them Czech. Due to the Munich Agreement , Buchau belonged from 1938 to 1945 to the Luditz district , Eger district , in the Reichsgau Sudetenland of the German Empire .

After the end of the Second World War , the German population was expelled from 1945–1946 . In 1947 only 924 people lived in the city; Bochov lost the town charter . Bochov has been a city again since October 2006.

Demographics

Until 1945 Buchau was mostly populated by German Bohemia , which were expelled.

Population development until 1945
year Residents Remarks
1785 0k. A. 205 houses
1830 1,262 in 243 houses
1847 1,388 in 247 houses
1910 2,200 almost only German residents
1921 2.014 1958 of them German
1930 1,782 84 Czechs
1939 1,673
Population since the end of the Second World War
year 1950 1961 1970 1980 1991 2001 2011
Residents 896 949 1,266 1,208 1,127 1,258 1,226

Attractions

Castle in the Javorná district

Community structure

The municipality of Bochov consists of the districts Bochov ( Buchau ), Číhaná ( Tschies ), Dlouhá Lomnice ( Langlamnitz ), Herstošice ( Herscheditz ), Hlineč ( Lintsch ), Javorná ( Gabhorn ), Jesínky ( Gessing ), Kozlov ( Koßlau ), Mirotice ( Miroditz ), Německý Chloumek ( German Kilmes ), Nové Kounice ( Neukaunitz ), Polom ( Pohlem ), Rybničná ( Teichhausen ), Sovolusky ( Zoboles ), Teleč ( Teltsch ), Těšetice ( Teschetitz ) and Údrč ( Udritsch ). Basic settlement units are Bochov, Bražec 1 ( Bergles ), Číhaná, Dlouhá Lomnice, Herstošice, Hlineč, Javorná, Jesínky, Kozlov, Mirotice, Německý Chloumek, Nové Kounice, Pávice ( Pobitz ), Pěčekovice ( Peschkowitz ), Pěčekovice ( Peschkowitz ) , Těšetice and Údrč.

The municipality is divided into the cadastral districts of Bochov, Bražec u Bochova, Číhaná u Javorné, Dlouhá Lomnice, Herstošice, Javorná u Toužimi, Jesínky, Kozlov, Mirotice u Kozlova, Německý Chloumek, Nové Kounice, Pčniávicek, Nové Kounice, Pčničkovice, Pávniče. Sovolusky u Bochova, Teleč, Těšetice u Bochova and Údrč.

sons and daughters of the town

  • Clemens Stephani (1530–1592), author of comedies and spiritual dramas
  • Oswald Voh (1904–1979), painter and graphic artist of expressive realism
  • Wilhelm Wallisch (1862–1952), dentist
  • Carl Zimmer (* 1818), politician
  • Karin Stoiber (* 1943), former “First Lady” of Bavaria, patron and godmother of charitable and social projects in Bavaria

literature

  • Berthold Schmidt : The Russians. Genealogy of the entire Reuss family older and younger line, as well as the extinct Vogtslinien zu Weida, Gera and Plauen and the Burgraves of Meißen from the House of Plauen. Weber, Schleiz 1903, ( online ).
  • Berthold Schmidt: Burgrave Heinrich IV of Meissen. Colonel Chancellor of the Crown of Bohemia and his government in the Vogtland. Griesbach, Gera 1888, ( digitized version ).
  • Berthold Schmidt: History of the Reussland. Half volume 1–2. Kanitz, Gera 1923-1927.
  • Johannes Richter: On the genealogy and history of the Burgraves of Meißen and Counts to Hartenstein from the older Plauen house. In: Sächsische Heimatblätter. Vol. 38, No. 5, 1992, ISSN  0486-8234 , pp. 299-303.
  • Rudolf Hemmerle: Sudetenland. Signpost through an unforgettable land (= signpost through an unforgettable land. Geographic lexica. 4). Kraft, Würzburg 1993, ISBN 3-8083-1193-2 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/555029/Bochov
  2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
  3. ↑ a b Schmidt: The Reuss. 1903, panel E .
  4. ↑ Schmidt: Heinrich IV. To Meißen. 1888, p. 60 .
  5. ^ Hemmerle: Sudetenland. 1993, p. 78.
  6. ↑ Jaroslaus Schaller : Topography of the Kingdom of Bohemia . Volume 2: Ellbogner Kreis , Prague 1785, pp. 145-146, item 6) .
  7. ↑ Yearbooks of the Bohemian Museum of Natural and Regional Studies, History, Art and Literature . Volume 2, Prague 1831, p. 200, paragraph 24).
  8. ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia . Volume 15: Elbogner Kreis , Prague 1847, p. 159, item 8).
  9. ^ Sudetenland Genealogy Network
  10. ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. sud_luditz.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  11. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/555029/Obec-Bochov
  12. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/555029/Obec-Bochov
  13. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/555029/Obec-Bochov