Nydegg Castle
| Nydegg Castle | ||
|---|---|---|
 Country gate |
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| Creation time : | 1190 | |
| Castle type : | Location | |
| Conservation status: | Burgstall | |
| Standing position : | duke | |
| Place: | Bern | |
| Geographical location | 46 ° 56 '56 " N , 7 ° 27' 27" E | |
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The castle Nydegg ( [ˈnidɛk] , from the Middle High German expression for lower corner ) is an abandoned medieval town castle from the 12th century in today's Matte district in the city of Bern .
Location and description
The castle stood at the outermost point of the Aare peninsula, where the choir of the Nydegg Church is today. In the middle stood a residential tower (22.5 x 16.2 m) with a courtyard, four corner towers and a Sodbrunnen . The facility was surrounded by a curtain wall and on the side facing away from the river it was also provided with an approximately eight meter deep trench . Below the castle was the castle settlement protected by a second wall. The floor plan and the remains that are still visible today are marked in red on the map.
history
In 1190, Duke Berchtold V von Zähringen had Nydegg Castle built as a town castle. It was the seat of the Duke's representative. The castle protected and controlled ferry traffic across the Aare . In 1212 the castle became an imperial castle .
1268/70 dragged the Bernese the castle to accommodate the Nydeggquartier to create and also to any claims to prevent another noble family. In a document dated January 16, 1274, King Rudolf I von Habsburg awarded the city of Bern the destruction of the castle. From 1341 to 1346 the Teutonic Order had the Nydegg Church built.
Between 1840 and 1854, some remains of the castle were discovered during the construction work for the new Nydegg Bridge . From 1951 to 1962, under the direction of the Bern art historian Paul Hofer , excavations were carried out again and the well reconstructed.
literature
- Armand Baeriswyl: City, suburb and urban expansion in the Middle Ages. Archaeological and historical studies on the growth of the three Zähringer cities of Burgdorf, Bern and Freiburg im Breisgau (Swiss contributions to the cultural history and archeology of the Middle Ages 30) , Basel 2003, ISBN 3-908182-14-X , pp. 170–174.
- Hofer, Paul and Hans Jakob Meyer: The Nydegg Castle. Research on the early history of Bern , Bern 1991.
Web links
- Nydegg Castle at www.3d-worlds.de
- Castle world: Nydegg Castle
Individual evidence
- ↑ cf. Nideck Castle (Bas-Rhin department), Niedeck Castle in Gleichen (Lower Saxony), Nideggen (North Rhine-Westphalia) and Nýdek (Czech Republic).