Sydow Castle
| Sydow Castle | ||
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| Creation time : | probably in the 12th century | |
| Castle type : | Niederungsburg | |
| Conservation status: | Burgstall | |
| Place: | Seyda | |
| Geographical location | 51 ° 52 '58.4 " N , 12 ° 54' 13.5" E | |
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The Burg Sydow or Burg Seyda , also Seyda Castle, was a medieval defense work in Seyda , Wittenberg district . The castle was demolished at the end of the 16th century . The building materials of the castle were used for the construction of the Seyda office building and the Glücksburg hunting lodge .
history
As part of the eastern colonization , a Burgward was formed to protect the German settlers in Seyda . The fortifications east of the Elbe were mostly built in the vicinity of already existing Slavic capitals. The residents of the castle should find protection and refuge in it in times of need. The castle also served as a collection point for the taxes to be paid.
The castle was built on an elevated point, today's Burgstrasse (until 2010 Bergstrasse) in the middle of what was then a swampy area. The first German settlers then settled around these - more by chance and unplanned -, with which the village of Seyda came into being. However, broken fragments show that there was a Slavic fortification instead of this castle.
The local researcher Oskar Brachwitz wrote about the appearance and dimensions of this castle:
“The German knight's castle was of course heavily fortified. While the swamp in the north and west offered sufficient protection, the castle was surrounded with double moats. The trenches were twelve meters wide and fifteen meters apart. A remnant of the outer moat is still preserved today, it is generally known as the castle moat. ... There was also a pond called "Heller" near the ditch, probably to collect water.
The drawbridge was located at today's ascent to the mountain. On the right hand side, close to the inner moat, rose the castle tower, which in connection with a gatehouse secured access. The castle was surrounded by a strong wall made of field stones. Residential and stable buildings were built within the walls, and a castle chapel must also have been present "
Landsberg's taverns were the first masters of the castle . They acquired the castle with the settlement for the first time in 1235. Their local branch then called itself Schenken von Sydow (Syden). The settlement of Seyda has been documented since 1268 at the earliest. In the 13th century the rule came to Hermann von Werthere as a marriage property . After this line died out, the rule fell in 1366 to the feudal lord , the Saxon Elector Rudolph II. Later, according to a document, the rule Sydow was again awarded to the Landsberg taverns . After the new ownership of Seyda Castle, the von Landsberg family also called themselves the "Schenken von Syden".
The appearance of Castle Sydow changed over the centuries. So only the buildings were maintained while the defenses fell into disrepair. The complex was therefore called Seyda Castle from 1500 . In addition to the palace's apartment, the castle also contained a few rooms for princes to visit. As a result, it became one of the three widow seats of the Electress Anna of Saxony , who lived in the Lichtenburg . At the beginning of the 16th century the old castle fell into disrepair. Elector August von Sachsen had the dilapidated old castle completely demolished in 1573 and a new electoral pleasure and hunting lodge built between the village of Mügeln and Zellendorf , the Glücksburg hunting lodge.
Some of the building material was also used to build the Seyda administrative building and the surrounding farmsteads after the housing conditions at the palace had become increasingly unfavorable, and the then bailiff was given permission by Elector Christian II to build a suitable residential building with an administrative function had requested. The office building, which was built in 1605, is now the oldest building in Seyda. It stands on the site of the former outer bailey . Six town houses were built on the site of the actual castle.
literature
- Bärbel Schiepel: Seyda and the surrounding area. A walk through the past, Geiger-Verlag, Horb am Neckar 1999, ISBN 3-89570-303-6
- Bärbel Schiepel: Seyda and the surrounding area - local history (s), Unze and Druckgesellschaft Potsdam mbH, Teltow 2001
Individual evidence
- ↑ Bärbel Schiepel: Seyda und Umgebung - Heimatgeschichte (n) , p. 15