Kalham Castle Stables
| Kalham Castle Stables | ||
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.jpg) Castle hill of the Kalham castle stable near Eugendorf |
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| Alternative name (s): | Hofkalham Castle | |
| Creation time : | first documented mention 1260; Destroyed in 1275 | |
| Castle type : | Hilltop castle | |
| Conservation status: | Castle stable with individual remains of the wall | |
| Place: | Community Eugendorf | |
| Geographical location | 47 ° 50 '47.9 " N , 13 ° 9' 22.4" E | |
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The Burgstall Kalham is located in the Reitberg district of the Eugendorf municipality in the state of Salzburg . The Hofkalham farm (Reitberg 14) is located nearby. A little below this homestead, a path leads east on the other side of the road through a forest to the remains of the once considerable castle complex. The Burgstall has been a listed building since 2016 .
history
The Kalhamers were an important Salzburg ministerial family . Their seat was originally Altenkalham Castle , which was located to the west and slightly above the hamlet of Hofkalham on a slope of the Heuberg . First reports from 1123 mention the brothers Tagino and Wichpoto von Kalham. The latter had six sons (Pernger, Konrad, Heinrich, Hartwig, Otto and Ulrich), one of whom, named Pernger, achieved a distinguished position in the Archdiocese of Salzburg. 1147 is reported of a pilgrim from Kalham who is a knightly owner. In the 13th century, the Kalhamers received the Eugendorf and Kalham courts from the Archbishop of Salzburg. Konrad von Kalham is in 1219 in a dispute between Archbishop Eberhard II and Duke Leopold VI. appointed by Austria to arbitrate. He was temporarily entrusted with the office of archbishop truchess .
Archbishop Ulrich awarded another Konrad von Kalham several fiefs in the Thalgau- Egg area in 1259, which had previously fallen to his father-in-law Konrad von Steinkirchen. He was allowed to build Wartenfels Castle with it . As ministerials, the Kalhmer, in turn, lent fiefs and were able to build up a knightly following. Other knights were dependent on them, such as the Knutzinger, the Pabenschwandter and probably also the Mühlberger. Ulrich von Kalham was one of the most important servants in the Archdiocese of Salzburg. The brothers Kuno, Konrad and Heinrich built the new Hofkalham Castle in 1260 without the permission of the then weak archbishops Ulrich and Wladislaus . As a result, the brothers Kuno and Konrad were declared robber barons. Both were captured in 1269, but the Salzburg Cathedral Provost Friedrich von Walchen and other respected ministerials vouched for the two and the dispute was settled. The Kalhamers continued to strive for prestige and power and - in the Archbishop's opinion illegally - acquired Lichtenberg Castle above Saalfelden . The following years were marked by fighting and raids by the Kalhamians on the archdiocese. Archbishop Friedrich II von Walchen tried in vain to restore order. Ultimately, in 1275, he besieged Kalham Castle, captured it and razed it to the ground. Kuno and Konrad lost all their possessions and dignities, they were excommunicated and their helpers were also banned from church ; but they kept their lives. The brother Heinrich came into conflict with the archbishop in 1291 and was captured in 1296. In 1299 he gave up his possession of the desolate Kalham castle stables and the claim to the court in Kalham. In 1333 a Konrad von Kalham sold Burgstall and the court to the archbishop. With this the Kalham family ceased to exist in the history of the Salzburg region; however, the family is said to still exist today.
- Kalham Castle Stables
Burgstallgraben
Masonry
Northern wall
Western moat
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Burgstall Kalham today
The Burgstall Kalham is located on a hilltop with a diameter of about 30 × 45 meters. In the east it is protected by a steep slope towards the Burgstallbach in the so-called Burgstallgraben. The trench is easy to see. The castle hill gorge is now secured by flood barriers. Today, as then, water is abundant; a source of drinking water was recently built there. In the west there is a wide, semicircular weir ditch, which is up to 25 meters wide and 11 meters deep. It stands out because of a path created in the course of recent construction work. To the north of the summit is a flat wall in front of it. Overall, the system should have dimensions of 110 × 180 meters. The course of the former curtain wall can still be traced at the edges of the dome . Several depressions in the area of the castle stables indicate earlier building locations and robbery excavations .
During excavations in 1973, the remains of the circular wall built in shell construction with a wall thickness of 1.20 meters were found. On both sides there are piles of rubble, inside fire rubble with a layer of charcoal; a detailed plan of the former castle could not be drawn up. In addition to animal bones from the castle kitchen, especially sheep and goats , fragmented ceramics, a Gothic key, two crossbow bolts , a chord of a sword scabbard and fragments of glass vessels and knives were found during the excavations .
Today the complex is overgrown by forest and covered with bushes. It is not located on a strategically particularly striking rock cone, but is rather hidden and hidden from prying eyes. The view of the country is now obscured by the trees; in the past the view probably extended far into the country.
literature
- Bernd Huber: Under the protection of Rupert and Virgil - The castles and fortifications in the Salzburg Archbishopric. Volume 1: Flachgau - Upper Austria . Österreichischer Milizverlag, Salzburg 2018, ISBN 978-3-901185-65-6 , pp. 57-64.
- Friederike Zaisberger , Walter Schlegel : Castles and palaces in Salzburg. Volume 2: Flachgau and Tennengau . Birch series, Vienna 1992, ISBN 3-85326-957-5 .
- Heinz Dopsch : On the history of Kalham Castle . In: Communications of the Society for Salzburg Regional Studies , Volume 112/113, pp. 265–276. Article on Zobodat.at (PDF; 1.3 MB)
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Genealogy and history of the Kalhamers
- ↑ Bernd Huber: Under the protection of Rupert and Virgil - The castles and fortifications in the ore monastery Salzburg. Volume 1: Flachgau - Upper Austria , p. 64