Capela de Nossa Senhora da Orada

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Capela de Nossa Senhora da Orada (Portugal)
Nossa Senhora da Orada
Nossa Senhora da Orada
Lisbon
Lisbon
postage
postage
Faro
Faro
Location of the Nossa Senhora da Orada in Portugal.

The late Romanesque chapel Nossa Senhora da Orada ( Portuguese Capela de Nossa Senhora da Orada ) is located in the municipality ( Freguesia ) União das Freguesias de Vila e Roussas about 900 meters northeast of the district town ( Concelho ) Melgaço and about 500 meters south of the Portuguese-Spanish The border river Minho ( Spanish Río Miño ), in the district of Viana do Castelo , in northern Portugal .

history

Nossa Senhora da Orada, west portal

The chapel belonged to the Fiães monastery , a good 4.5 km southeast , originally a Benedictine monastery , which was taken over by the Cistercians at the end of the 12th century . In 1166, a donation to the Fiães monastery in Orada is mentioned for the first time, but without mentioning the chapel.
The chapel was first mentioned in detail in 1220, when it served as the monastery hermitage .
In its current form, the chapel can be traced back to the fundamental renovation in 1245, which is mentioned in an inscription in the interior on the south door.
In the course of the 18th century the chapel became a destination for pilgrimages in times of crisis. This tradition also survived the dissolution of the religious orders in Portugal in 1834, with which the chapel's affiliation to the monastery ended and was continued well into the 20th century.
The chapel has been registered and protected as a Monumento Nacional since 1910 .
In the course of extensive renovations at the end of the 1930s, the original late Romanesque state was largely restored.

architecture

Nossa Senhora da Orada - north side, tympanum of the portal

The simple, single-nave hall church made of granite is oriented almost west-east and has a rectangular floor plan. In the east there is a short rectangular choir , which is sunk into the gently sloping slope. A triumphal arch separates the choir from the nave.
The nave, which is only weakly illuminated by a few, very narrow windows, is closed with a simple wooden ceiling against the tile-covered gable roof . The choir, however, is covered with a vault .

Four massive pillars in extension of the northern and southern walls emphasize the western front and the portal of the chapel. The pointed arched portal is adorned with three archivolts , which are decorated with floral reliefs, coats of arms, animals and mythical creatures. The arches rest on pillars , the capitals of which are also decorated with floral decorations. A frieze at the level of the capitals emphasizes the front line of the portal. Above the portal, separated
by a console frieze , lies a small, ogival window, the frame of which is decorated with a geometric pattern. The archivolt of the window, decorated with floral motifs, rests on columns with square capitals.

Nossa Senhora da Orada - south side, corbels

The depiction of a tree of life flanked by a harpy and a griffin . on the tympanum of the north portal remains without parallel in the Portuguese Romanesque. The original Persian - Sassanid motif is believed to have reached northern Portugal via Languedoc or Galicia .

Outstanding architectural decorative elements are the corbels that support the cornice of the nave and the choir and that provide a good overview of the treasure trove of Romanesque sculpture . In addition to floral and geometric decor, the corbels are adorned with human and animal heads, complete human figures and mythical creatures. Occasionally, the bricks between the corbels are decorated with flat relief .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Catarina Oliveira: Capela de Nossa Senhora da Orada . Direção-Geral do Património Cultural, accessed May 4, 2018 (Portuguese).
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g Paul Noé: Capela de Nossa Senhora da Orada . Direção-Geral do Património Cultural - Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico, 1992, accessed on May 4, 2018 (Portuguese).
  3. ↑ a b Jürgen Strohmaier: Portugal. 1st edition. DuMont Reiseverlag, Ostfildern 2016, ISBN 978-3-7701-6754-8 , p. 433 .
  4. ↑ Diário do Governo n.º 136/1910, Series I de 1910-06-23. (pdf) Ministério da Educação Nacional - Direcção Geral do Ensino Superior e das Belas Artes, 23 June 1910, p. 2164 , accessed on 4 May 2018 (Portuguese).

literature

  • Jürgen Strohmaier: Portugal. 1st edition. DuMont Reiseverlag, Ostfildern 2016, ISBN 978-3-7701-6754-8 , p. 433 .
  • Isabel Sereno and Paulo Amaral: Capela de Nossa Senhora da Orada . Direção-Geral do Património Cultural - Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico, 1992, accessed on May 4, 2018 (Portuguese, with extensive literature sv Bibliografia).

Web links

Commons : Chapel of Nossa Senhora da Orada (Melgaço)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 42 ° 7 '12.6 "  N , 8 ° 15' 9.1"  W.